Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
In a spinal reflex, information flows from __________ to __________ to __________.
|
PNS; CNS; PNS
|
|
|
The __________ is part of the CNS and the __________ is part of the PNS.
|
spinal cord; spinal nerve
|
|
|
Which of these is not part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
A) Spinal Cord B) Cranial Nerves C) Spinal Nerves D) Afferent Nerve Fibers |
Spinal Cord
|
|
|
The dorsal root ganglia consist mainly of _________.
|
cell bodies of unipolar neurons
|
|
|
The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulates within the ____________.
|
subarachnoid space
|
|
|
The __________ is the efferent motor root of a nerve
|
ventral root
|
|
|
The _____________ is the area of the posterior gray horn that is composed of cell bodies of neurons that carry somatic sensory information.
|
Somatic sensory nuclei
|
|
|
A ____________ is a region on a dorsal root that contains cell bodies of afferent neurons.
|
Dorsal root ganglion
|
|
|
The __________ contain somatic and visceral sensory nuclei.
|
Posterior gray horns
|
|
|
The CSF is confined between the _____________ and the ______________.
|
pia mater; arachnoid mater
|
|
|
Which of these is ABSENT in the gray matter of the spinal cord?
A) Neuron cell bodies B) Neuroglia C) Unmyelinated axons D) Myelinated axons |
Myelinated Axons
|
|
|
The _________ gray horns contain sensory nuclei.
|
dorsal
|
|
|
The gray horns of the spinal cord contain _____________.
|
1. Unmyelinated axons
2. Neuroglia 3. Neuron cell bodies (somas) |
|
|
The connective tissue layer that covers Schwann cells is the ____________.
|
endoneurium
|
|
|
The region of the body surface monitored by a pair of spinal nerves is known as a(n) ______________.
|
dermatome
|
|
|
Neural circuits occur in all of these patterns EXCEPT ___________.
A) Reverberating B) Multipolar C) Convergent D) Divergent |
Multipolar
|
|
|
The most abundant category of neurons is ___________.
|
interneurons
|
|
|
Nerve cells (neurons) that control peripheral effectors are known as ______________.
|
motor neurons
|
|
|
A reflex that leads to secretion of saliva is a(n) ___________ reflex.
|
visceral
|
|
|
A reflex arc always includes a(n) _______________.
|
1) Efferent axon
2) Sensory receptor 3) Afferent Axon |
|
|
Which processes are always part of a reflex arc?
|
1) Receptor activation
2) Afferent action potential 3) Efferent action potential |
|
|
Which of these is NOT one of the essential components of a reflex arc?
A) output to a peripheral effector B) receptor activation C) output to upper motor neuron D) integration process in the CNS |
output to upper motor neuron
|
|
|
The reflex that limits muscle tension is the _________ reflex.
|
tendon
|
|
|
The _________ reflex involves activating muscles contralateral to the receptor.
|
crossed extensor
|
|
|
The input for the stretch reflex comes from the __________.
|
muscle spindle
|
|
|
A distinction about the flexor reflex is that it _____________.
|
moves a limb away from a painful stimulus (heat)
|
|
|
An example of the brain affecting spinal reflexes is the replacement of the ___________ by the _____________.
|
Babinski sign; plantar reflex
|
|
|
Clenching the fists often enhances the knee jerk reflex. This is an example of ____________.
|
reinforcement
|
|
|
An example of the brain modifying reflex patterns is ___________.
|
1) deliberately walking on hot coals
2) holding your breath 3) postponing emptying a full urinary bladder |
