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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The Reverend Jerry Falwell’s “Moral Majority” is an example of?
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a special interest group
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What are avatars?
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computer-generated customizable images of people
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Who is the founder of USA Today?
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Al Neuharth
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The trend of specialization, or niche marketing, began during what era?
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Television
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Which of the following is not a characteristic of the news?
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Emotion
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Which is an example of prominence (news characteristics)?
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Joe Biden having botox rumor
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What is the name of the first English newspaper that appeared in Oxford?
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The Gazette
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Who was the first prolific photographer of the war?
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Mathew Brady
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Who was the editor of the New York Sun that advised his reporters on what was and was not news?
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John Bogart
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What audience does hyper-local media cater to?
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A community within a city
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What is the purpose of sidebars in media?
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to follow up headline stories with more detail
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With whom does the gatekeeping cycle always end?
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the consumers
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Which national newspaper is the only one to give views of the "right side"?
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Wall Street Journal
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Where was "News at Seven" created?
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Northwestern University
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Who was the first person to develop early podcasts?
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Adam Curry
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One of the longest lived and best known of the abolitionist newspapers was ___.
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Garrison's "Liberator"
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Of the 19,419 magazine titles published, which one had the largest category?
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medical magazines
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This person coined the term "information overload" in their 1970 book "Future Shock"
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Alvin Toffler
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How many New York newspapers formed the first Associated Press (AP)?
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6
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The largest news publisher in the United States is?
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Gannet
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One of the few general-interest magazines to endure today is ___
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Reader's Digest
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The distinction between print, broadcast, and online media are fading and blurring; this is because of ___
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convergence
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After being an apprentice at the New England Courant with his brother, James, Ben Franklin made Philadelphia his home and took over which newspaper?
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The Pennsylvania Gazette
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The introduction of what technology aided Benjamin Day to produce 30,000 copies of his newspaper each day?
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the rotary press
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In the late 1800s, which magazine for women included fashion plates to attract a certain audience?
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Peterson's Magazine
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What was the name of the first Native American Newspaper?
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The Cherokee Phoenix
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Who founded Tuskegee University?
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Booker T. Washington
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The word magazine comes from the Arabic word meaning
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storehouse
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What grade level is news given in?
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8th
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What is the mission of a newspaper?
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to provide important information to interested individuals
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How many adults aged 18 years or older read magazines?
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84%
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in gate keeping, the level that deals with choosing material that airs is ___
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editors
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Which newspaper celebrated its 25th anniversary in 2007?
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USA Today
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When was the first printing press set up in the colonies?
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1638
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In 1844, the first telegraph message was sent by Samuel F.B. Morse; what did the message say?
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"What hath God wrought?"
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True or False.
There were 19000 magazine titles published in 2006. |
True
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Fredrick Douglass founded which paper to challenge the Sun?
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The Ram's Horn
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Who was the first prominent female journalist/editor?
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Mary Baker Eddy
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What was the first true newspaper in the colonies?
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Boston Newsletter
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Whast did Edward R. Murrow warn us against?
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the fascination with celebrities
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Where did the "paparazzi" get its start?
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Rome
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The most important story is placed?
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"above the fold"
top left corner |
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What year did newspaper first start using photos?
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1870s
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USA Today
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-Top Newspaper
-flashy colore; more like broadcasting that newspaper (McPaper) -has affected the look of other newspapers -now respected & readers like graphs and tables |
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Wall Street Journal
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-Founded by Charles Dow (1889)
-tracks business/economic trends -usually no color, drawings of photos -a favorite of upscale advertisers ($150,000 average household income) |
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New York Times
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-oficially considered the newspaper of record
-3rd largest in circulation -sets the health/science agenda; sets pace in art/food tastes -op-ed page provides a forum for debate -appeals to the more educated |
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Los Angeles Times
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-leads all other papers in advertising volume
-4th in circulation -has promoted the city to prominence -ranks in top 10 in minority representation -leads all other papers in recycling |
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Washington Post
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-more than 30 nationally recognized columnists
-5th in circulation -outstanding coverage of Washington -known for the Watergate investigation; Unabomber publication controversial |
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JOA
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Joint Operating Agreements
-Newspaper Preservation Act of 1970-created to preserve a diversity of editorial opinion in communities without 2 papers -editorial operations under JOAs remain separate; all other operations are combined -presently 12 JOA s in markets across the US (Cincinatti, Denver, Detroit & Las Vegas are examples) |
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Gentlemen's Magazine
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-first magazine in England in 1700s
-a blend of letters, essays, reprints of business & political documents, gossip, poetry & fiction |
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Timeliness
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-News once came slowly
-Technology now makes news instantaneous & perishable -Past the first day, story needs a new angle |
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Proximity
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-news that happens nearby is of most interest
-even within a community, some stories are judged of no interest -news is becoming more and more local; hyperlocal in the future |
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Human Interest
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-stories that pull at heart strings
-proximity of little importance-some holidays produce more human interest stories -such stories make the audience mourn, cry, celebrate, cheer, etc. |
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Consequence
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-news stories that affect audience
-even injury, violence and death may mean little if audience is not affected -Iraq of consequence because of the length of the war, cost, etc. |
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Disaster
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-similar to consequence, but more dire
-total calamity is of interest to large audiences -Oklahoma City & 9/11 are the exceptions to other characteristics -Sidebars, secondary articles, will be side by side with such stories |
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Prominence
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-stories involving people well known (celebrities, politicians, etc.)
-Edward R. Murrow warned media about the fascination with celebrity -News once had little coverage of celebrities, but now a mainstay |
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Novelty
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-Events that are extremely different from the ordinary are deemed newsworthy
-many times show up as human interest stories |
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Conflict
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-large number of stories based on conflict
-results from our inability to get along with one another -divorce, fights, arrests, bombings, war are all considered conflicts |
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Gatekeeping
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-those persons who select what small amount of information to accept & reject
various levels -story sources (recount their story) -reporters (sift through notes) -editors (choose material to air) -consumer (final to make choice) |
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Criticisms of the News Media
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-biased
-too quick to jump on the bandwagon -careless with information -sensationalistic -invade privacy -messages aimed at lower common denominator |
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special interest groups
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church orgs, politically oriented groups & coalitions that form around individual issues
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media critics
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keep an eye on the press
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individual consumer action
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not buying or watching
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Digital
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-binary system of Xs & Os
-analog has range of values -exact v. nuances (thermometer) -compact discs v. vinyl |
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Customizable
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-consumers no longer want a "one size fits all"
-want to listen to books in car, etc -can no customize categories of news thru web |
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Immediate
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-can now have news delivered to you
-can get podcasts as soon as they appear online (digital media or audio file) |
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Interactive
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-users can now talk back to media in new ways
-most now offer feedback forums -blogs also available |
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Hyperlocal
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when news media break a city into small pieces and provide news for a community
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Ubiquitous
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-means "everywhere" where consumers expect their media to be
-news available on all technology |
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"Future Shock"
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too much change in too short a period
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Benjamin Harris
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-Publick Occurrences Both Foreign and Domestick
-first attempt at a newspaper in the colonies |
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John Campbell
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-Boston Newsletter (first true newspaper)
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The Federalist Papers
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-written by Jay, Hamilton & Madison
-majority written by Hamilton -Bill of Rights guranteed freedom of the press |
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James Gordon Bennett
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-began the New York Herald in 1835
-began the technique of beat reporting |
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Telegraph
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-first message sent in 1844 by Samuel F.B. Morse
-first message was "What hath God wrought?" transmitted between Baltimore and DC |
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Frederick Douglass
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-founded The Ram's Horn to challenge the Sun
-North Star's slogan: "Right is of no sex-Truth is of no color-God is the Father of us all, and we are all Brethren" |
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Booker T. Washington
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-most influential black man of his time
-many considered him too conciliatory & submissive -accepted segregation -founded Tuskegee |
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W.E.B. Dubois
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-more militant than Washington
-author of the Crisis -suggested there was a "talented tenth" of the black population who should get more education -started NAACP |
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Muckrakers
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newspapers which expose wrongdoing and corruption
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Mathew Brady
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provided first prolific photos of the war
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Alexander Gardner
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-started the mugshot
-took more pictures of president Lincoln than anyone else |
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Scope and Structure of the Industry
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-Total number of newspapers in U.S.: 9800
-Total number of daily newspapers: 150 |
