Mass Comm Test 1

Front 1

transmission of a message from a source to a reciever

Back 1

basic definition of communication

Front 2

4 types of communication

Back 2

interpersonal, intrapersonal, group, mass

Front 3

the way a message is sent out

Back 3

encoding

Front 4

the interpretatin of a message

Back 4

decoding

Front 5

concentration of media industries into a smaller number of companies

Back 5

oligopoly

Front 6

direspect of nations customs, values, and culture by far away companies

Back 6

diversity of expression issue

Front 7

narrowcasting, niche marketing, targeting, less of mass audience

Back 7

audience defragmentation

Front 8

groups of ppl bound by only an interest in a given form of media content

Back 8

taste publics

Front 9

rise in commercials

Back 9

hypercommercialism

Front 10

radio stations accepting payment for playing a company's record

Back 10

payola

Front 11

companies selling music, shows, movies online

Back 11

convergance

Front 12

a corporation dealing in multiple businesses

Back 12

synergy

Front 13

the era in ML where language was local and specialized, history was handed down orally and memory was key

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oral cultures

Front 14

allowed history to be written down

Back 14

invention of writing

Front 15

social and cultural rules and structures changed, meaning in language more uniform, no longer local, political and military expansion occured power was with literacy

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Literate culture

Front 16

invented in 1446; movable metal type; allowed ppl to have books, become literate, helped sped up rise of democracy; gave regular ppl powerful voice

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Gutenberg Press

Front 17

the media deciding what issued people think about by what is reported

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agenda setting

Front 18

looking at content of media

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content analysis

Front 19

wrote the book public opinion about where issues came from and how public opinion is formed in 1927

Back 19

Walter Litman

Front 20

the idea of guarding what came in and out of the public info bank evolved in 1947

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gate keeping

Front 21

in 1950 he studied 'mr. gate' and looked at why he put certain stories in the paper

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David Manning White

Front 22

looked at the influence that gatekeeping had on audience; used content analysis and surveys; found issues in paper were more impor for audience; 1972

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Macoums and Shaw

Front 23

the idea that ppl remember what they last read and saw in a shorter period of time better than longer ago

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6 week span

Front 24

studied how the media orientes you to environment; especially in political elections; you recall more; 1973

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Macoums and Weaver

Front 25

in 1980 looked at influence on the gate keeper himself; who influences him?

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whitney and becker

Front 26

in 1987 studied local newspapers and saw that not all issued in paper were on agenda for all people

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smith

Front 27

looked at news watchers attentiveness of media in 1985; individual concerns more imp than local or widespread ones

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Hill, Bayer, Inger

Front 28

3 and a half year study on media and found that most recent news had highest importance on people's radar in 1989

Back 28

Eden

Front 29

explanations and predicatinos of social phenomenon that attempts to relate mass comm to various aspects of out personal and cultural lvies or social systems

Back 29

mass communications

Front 30

the theory that deals with cultivation analysis; by george gerbner in 1960's ; it is a meaning theory

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cultivation theory

Front 31

a modeling theory that says ppl model their behavior after what they see on media

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social cognitive learning theory

Front 32

theory that attitude toward something can shape our behavior regarding it

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attitude change theory

Front 33

states when people are confronted by news or conflicing info they experience mental discomfort

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dissonance theory

Front 34

if media have any imapct it is in the direction of reinforcement

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reinforcement theory

Front 35

says ppl become more and more dependant on media to understand the world around them

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dependency theory

Front 36

the theory that media operate to justidy and support the status quo at the expence of ordinary ppl

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critical culture theory

Front 37

says ppl are oppressed by those who control the mass media

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neo marxist theory

Front 38

centered in neomarxism and sees the consumption of art as a way to better lives

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frankfurt school of media theory

Front 39

provided a home for feminist research

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british cultural theory

Front 40

people who share culture also share meaning

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social construction of reality

Front 41

collections of meaning assigned to some situations

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typification schemes

Front 42

the idea that media would have an immediate effect on people exposed to it

Back 42

hypodermic needle theory

Front 43

lazereld's idea that not everyone gets info from media but the public opinion leaders are effected

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two-step flow

Front 44

having no real life expereince with someone or something but have been exposed by media

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exposed vicariously

Front 45

people expose themselve only to messages consistent with preexisting beliefs

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selective exposure

Front 46

ppl remember what is consistent with preexisting beliefs

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selective retention

Front 47

ppl interpret messages in a manner that is consistent with preexisting beliefs

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selective perecpetion/interpretation

Front 48

claims that media doesnt to things to ppl, but ppl do thing with media; influence depends on how ppl allow it and this stresses the recirocal nature of mass comm

Back 48

uses and gratification approach

Front 49

asserts that media must remain free of government control but must also serve the public; accpet and fulfill certain obligations and set high standards of prof, truth, accuracy and objectivity

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social responsibility theory

Front 50

explains how media should ideally operate

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normative theories

Front 51

stations that operate from outside the region they transmit

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exogenous stations

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stations operating from inside the region they transmit

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indigenous stations

Front 53

illegally operated stations; some have become powerful and subsidized by companies

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pirated stations

Front 54

coordinated ownership and operations of american satellite communications system;

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comsat; communications satelite corp

Front 55

concept used in great britain; recognizes that no completely free media system exists and that the government ensures media meet responsibilities

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western concept of media

Front 56

3rd world; honduras; says gov't and media work together to ensure media assists in the development of a country; content designed to meet needs

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development concept of media

Front 57

poland; has 4 aims: 1) ending government monopoly over info 2) help organization of opposition 3) destroy legitamacy of current government 4) bring down standing goverenment

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revolutionary concept of media

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communism; china; subjection of media for serving government

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authoritive concept of media

Front 59

invasion of an indeginous ppl's culture by powerful foreign countries by mass media

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cultural imperialism

Front 60

make an effort to understand content, pay attention and filter out noise; understand and respect power of media; know emotional from reasoned reactions

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3 steps of media literacy

Front 61

expect more of media content; know genre conventions; think critically about media messagesl know internal languages

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4 more steps of media literacy

Front 62

encoder---message----decoder
interpreter interpreter
decoder---message----encoder

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osgood and schramm's model of communication

Front 63

source sends message
through medium
to a receiver
producing an effect

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lasswell's model of communication

Front 64

"is a symbolic process whereby reality is produced, maintained, repaired, and transferred"

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james carey's defintion of communication

Front 65

where copyrighted material may be used w/o the permission or payment

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fair use

Front 66

the philosophy that people cannot govern themselves in a democracy unles they have access to the info they need for that governance

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libertarian

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in great briain; an officially issued notice of prior restraint

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D-notice

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limits on advertising and other public service requirments imposed on britain;s commericial broadcasters in exchange for the right to broadcast

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public service remit

Front 69

released in 1980 by United Natins Edu, Sci, Cultural org. and called for the est. of a new world info order; rejected by western nations

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MacBride report

Front 70

a special division of VOA established by Reagan to broadcast into communist cuba

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Radio Marti

Front 71

broadcast to all of the communist bloc eastern european countries during the cold war

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radio free europe

Front 72

aimed at listeners in the soviet union

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Radio Liberty

Front 73

same concept as radio free europe only in asia

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radio free asia

Front 74

originally built on premise that broadcasting was a public trust (social responsibility model); limits government control and commercials

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BBC

Front 75

1)define situation
2)Identidy values
3)Identify principles
4)choose your loyalties

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potters box of ethical decision making

Front 76

principles to consider when making ethical decisions

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truth and honesty
privacy and confidentiality
personal conflict of interests and profit
social responsibilities
protection from offensive content