Masking

Front 1

Occurs when one sound causes another sound to be inaudible

Back 1

Masking

Front 2

Ways in which masking can occur

Back 2

1) One sound co-exists with another
2) One sound appears very near the other in time

Front 3

There has been considerable research on peripheral masking as an effort to define

Back 3

cochlear physiology

Front 4

Assumes a specific place of stimulation on the basilar membrane for a particular frequency.

Back 4

Place theory

Front 5

If the place theory holds true, to prevent frequency from being heard, one would only need to occupy a specific place on the

Back 5

basilar membrane

Front 6

Occupying any other space on the BM should not affect the hearing for that

Back 6

Frequency

Front 7

Represents about 1/2 mm of space on the basilar membrane

Back 7

Critical ratio

Front 8

According to critical ratios, to mask the hearing for any particular frequency, one must occupy the

Back 8

1/2 mm which is responsive to that tone.

Front 9

the band of frequencies occupying 1/2 mm of space becomes progressively

Back 9

Wider as frequency goes from low to high.

Front 10

In later research, researchers determined the critical ratio by comparing ---- in a tone and in a ------ just sufficient to mask the tone.

Back 10

energy levels
a band of noise

Front 11

The number of cycles required to equal the energy in the tone is the

Back 11

critical ratio

Front 12

A 3 year old child is scheduled for surgery to remove Wilms Tumor from one kidney. The parents ask the nurse about what treatments, if any will be necessary after recovery from surgery. The nurse's explanation should be based on knowledge that:
No additional treatments are usually necessary.
Chemo is usually not necessary
Chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy is indicated
Kidney transplant will be indicated within the year.

Back 12

Chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy is indicated: Determination of chemo and / or radio therapy as tx modalities will be made based on histological pattern of the tumor.