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45 Cards in this Set
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FM that covers rifle marksmanship for the M16-series rifle(M16A1/A2/A3/A4) and the M4-series carbine (M4/M4A1)?
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FM 3-22.9
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3-what.cat lives
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What are the 5 Basic Rifle Marksmanship(BRM)?
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1)Preliminary Rifle Instruction(PRI) 2)Downrange Feedback 3)Field Fire 4)Advanced Rifle Mrkmshp 5) Advanced Optics, Lasers, and Iron Sights
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There are 5 for BRM. First is familiarization with weapon. Then a fully operating range with proper communication and set up. Next, they fire. Adjust their fire and instruct during range operation. And lastly, an important part of firing a wpn and actually hitting a target with percision is to be familiar with what equipment?
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Describe M16/M4 weapons.
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5.56mm, magazine fed, gas-operated, air-cooled, shoulder-fired wpns capable of firing in different modes depending on the model.
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mm? method of feeding? recoil or gas operated? fired from what position? and capable of firing in just one or many modes?
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Weight of M16A4 vs M4 in lbs with AND without fully loaded magazine?
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Unloaded, the M16A4 is 9.08lbs and loaded it is 10.09lbs. Unloaded, the M4 is 6.49lbs and loaded it is 7.50
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Loaded and unloaded difference in weight is typically about one pound.
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Length of M16A1 vs M4?
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M16A1 is 39in while the M4 is 29.75 to 33.00in.
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M4 with collapsed buttstock is about 10in shorter than the M16A1!
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M16A1-A4 and M4 rounds per minute in Semiautomatic mode?
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45rpm
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all the same.
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Which of the M16-series does not have the burst mode? And what is the rpm for all the others?
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M16A1 is not made for burst. The rest are all 90rpm.
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all the same except the first model.
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M16A1-A3 rpm's when shooting in Automatic mode?
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all are about 150-200rpm.
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all the same.
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Sustained RPM for M16A1-A4 and M4?
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12-15 Sustained RPM
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all the same.
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What is sustained rate of fire?
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Rate of fire of wpn that does not overheat wpn (over indefinite period of time).
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over indefinite period of time
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Maximum range of fire for M16A2-A4 and M4 in meters?
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3,600m
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all the same, except M16A1 is about 1,000m lagging.
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Max Effective range for Point Target with M16A2-A4 and M4 in meters?
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550m
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all the same, except M16A1 is nearly 100m lagging.
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Max Effective range for Area Target with M16A2-A4 and M4 in meters?
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M16A2-A3 has Area target of 800m. While the M16A4 and M4 both have an Area target of only 600m.
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M16A2-A3 have a farther reach for Area targets.
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What is the Muzzle Velocity(fps) for these wpn systems?
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All are just around 3,000.
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Slightly varied but all around the same.
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What is the Cyclic Rate of Fire(rounds per min) for these wpns?
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All are about 700-900.
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Slightly varied but all around the same.
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What does RH 1/7 twist mean?
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It means that the rifling in the barrel will do one complete revolutin in 7in. The tighter the twist, the greater the stability of the projectile, but the lower the muzzle velocity.
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Gives better aim at the cost of slightly slower velocity of projectile.
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Zeroing means what?
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Adjusting the rifle sight so the rounds actually hit where the rifle is aimed.
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Adjusting what to ultimately accomplish what?
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Mechanical Zero vs Battlesight Zero?
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Mechanical Zero is the DEFAULT setting while the Battlesight Zero are the adjustments make to provide accuracy of round hitting aiming point.
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Mechanical is default so Battlesight is when the soldier does what to make the wpn more accurate??
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In these wpn systems, when should they be mechanically zeroed again?
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When the mechanical zero is questionable, when wpn is newly assigned, or when the wpn sight(s) have been serviced.
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If wpn isn't hitting target..hmm. If it is zeroed to someone else...hmm. If sight has been to the repair shop...hmm.
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What are the 4 positions on the M4 carbine buttstock?
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Closed, 1/2, 2/3, Full open.
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The obvious is when it's fully collapsed and fully open. Then there are the other two adjustments inbetween.
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With the Rail Adapter System(RAS) on the M4 carbine, it becomes the M4 MWS. What does MWS stand for? And what attachments come with the MWS?
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Modular Weapon System. Attachments include flashlights, laser sights, and night vision systems.
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This one is obvious. And what can you attach on your wpn?
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What are the 4 steps to properly Mechanically Zeroing your M4?
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1)Adjust Front Sight Post (up or down) until flush w/housing. 2)Move Elevation Knob COUNTERCLOCKWISE until 8/3marking is aligned w/index line. 3)Move 200m aperture down. 4) Move Windage Knob to align index mark on 200m aperture. And Whallah!
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Make sure frontsightpost is flush w/housing, move elevation knob counterclockwise until 6/3 marking is lined up with index marking, move 200m aperture down, and move windage knob to align w/200m aperture. Whew!!
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What portion of the M4 RAS may be removed for PMCS?
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Lower rail system ONLY.
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Definitely NOT the upper RAS because then they are messing with the gas tube, yipes!!
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What is the purpose of the Vertical Pistol Grip on the lower RAS and why is it recommended that every soldier have one?
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In the case of a TIC and troops must fire the M4 at high rates of sustained fire, the barrel can overheat and the RAS can fail to dissipate heat quick enough, chancing the risk of serious burns to the shooters hands. The Vertical Pistol Grip is NOT just for looks and stability.
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The Vertical Pistol Grip is NOT just for looks and stability. It also has a safety purpose. Think if a soldier gets in a TIC and must maintain high rates of sustained fire, what will happen to that barrel and what are the physical injuries that could occur to shooter?
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The M68 is a sight that is also called CCO. What does CCO stand for?
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Close Combat Optic
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HINT HINT: not for long distance use!
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What is the BIS?
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Backup Iron Sight
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It's a backup sight on your wpn!
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What does TWS stand for and what conditions does it work well under?
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Thermal Weapons Sight. It is works under conditions of limited visibility such as darkness, smoke, fog, dust, and haze.
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It senses heat and works well when visibility is low.
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Purpose of Borelight?
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An eye-safe laser, it is used to zero Lasers without a 25m confirmation. It can also be used to zero wpns w/out use of ammunition.
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Is it eye-safe? And do you need a 25m confirmation to zero with this piece of equipment? What does it zero? And if needed, it can also zero what when ammunition is not available?
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Different types of ammunition for the M16 and M4 series?
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Dummy(has grooves along sides), Blanks(has petal-crimped tip), Ball and Tracer for M16A1 only(w/no or orange tips), Ball and Tracer for M16A2-M4(w/ green and red tips), Short-range Training Ammo(SRTA) with plastic blue tip, and Armor piercing ammo.
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2 different versions of the Ball and Tracer. Then there are 4 others. 3 of them are used for training purposes only.
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What are the 3 purposes of Tracer rounds?
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Observation of fire, incendiary effects, and signaling.
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others can see it, it'll set things on fire, and did i mention that you can see it and where this projectile ends up?!?!
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Another name for SRTA or Short-Range Training Ammo would be what?
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PPA or Plastic Practice Ammo
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PPA
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What is required for this SRTA or PPA to be used in training??
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The M2 practice bolt. It converts the wpn from gas-operated to blowback operated.
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A different component of the weapon must be switched out to fire this ammo.
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What must accompany Blanks before being fired?
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BFA or Blank Firing Adaptor
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BFA
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Which BFA is to be used with the M4 ONLY?
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The M23(yellow) Blank Firing Adaptor is to be used for the M4 ONLY. Not the M15A2(red) BFA.
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M23(yellow) or the M15A2(red)?
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Purpose of BFA?
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It keeps gas from escaping the barrel so as to allow the wpn to fire blanks.
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What does the BFA keep in the barrel?
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What is "stoppage"?
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Failure of firearm to complete cycle of operation.
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Failure of firearm to do what?
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2 methods of clearing stoppage?
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Immediate or Remedial Action
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quickly counteract the stoppage and hope it works or stop and find the cause of failure and react from that. These two methods are called what??
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Immediate vs Remedial Action?
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Immediate Action is applying possible correction without troubleshooting the actual cause of stoppage. Remedial Action is to troubleshoot the cause of stoppage and fix the problem when identified.
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Immediate requires no thinking, just reaction. Remedial takes more time but is more effective.
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What is SPORTS and what type of action is it considered?
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SPORTS is Slap mag, Pull charging handle back, Observe chamber, Release charging handle, Tab the Forward Assist, and Shoot. This is Immediate Action. If this fails, resort to Remedial Action.
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Is the mag in completely? maybe you should check that chamber for double feed or failure to eject? Perhaps the Forward Assist could be OF Assistance in times of difficulty like these?! Now it's time to see if that did some magic.
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What is a "malfunction"?
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A mechanical failure of the wpn, mag, or ammo.
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Having mechanical issues?? Is the problem in your wpn, ammo, or mag???
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What are the main causes of malfunctions?
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Failure to feed, chamber, or lock. Failure to fire cartridge. Failure to extract. Failure to eject.
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Did it feed? Chamber? Lock? Did the cartridge fire ? Did the extractor get a hld of that cartridge? Did the cartridge go flying out of there?
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What is the most dangerous malfunction to watch out for and why?
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Failure to extract. Careful in clearing this malfunction. It may result in the rifle exploding.
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Damn extractor better get that cartridge/round out of that chamber!
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When the wpn is shooting more than one round when it is in the SEMIautomatic mode, where does the problem lie?
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In the Sear, Cam, or Semi-Disconnector. More than likely worn.
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Stupid trigger assembly and Cam!
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What are the 8 steps in the Cycle of Funtioning?
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Feeding, Chambering, Locking, Firing, Unlocking, Extracting, Ejecting, and Cocking
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Mag does what? Round then is pushed into where? The bolt does what once round is in place? The firing pin goes forward and that cause the round to be?? The bolt immediately moves from that positione which is called? The Extractor on the Bolt head grabs the cartridge...this is called what? The Ejector sends the cartridge flying..this is called what? And the wpn bolt assy is put back in place and ready to go again..."resets" if you will...this is called what?
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What are the 4 Basic Fundamentals of Rifle Marksmanship?
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1)Steady Position 2)Aiming 3)Breathing Control 4)Trigger Squeeze
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You must get in a sturdy position. You must find what you want to shoot. You must coordinate the shot with your breathing. You must pull that trigger properly and at the right moment.
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