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96 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Is all the shooting the same? |
Yes all shooting is how many of fundamentals of marksmanship are there the same fundamentals are universal |
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How many fundamentals of marksmanship are there? |
Four |
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How many firing task are there |
Two |
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What are the two firing Tasks? |
1.Properly point The weapon at the target = sight alignment 2. Fire the rifle without moving it. = trigger control |
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How can you always know where the barrel is pointed? |
Sight alignment :center the tip of the front sight post vertically and horizontally in the rear sight aperture |
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What is sight picture? |
The addition of a target into properly aligned sights |
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What is sight alignment |
Sight alignment is the centering of front sight, rear sight, and the shooters eye. The key to properly pointing the rifle at the target is consistent ,accurate site alignment |
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When aiming , what should your Eye be focused on? |
The front sight post |
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What ensures constant sight alignment and will improve accuracy? |
Stock weld |
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The most important thing about trigger control can be summed up with one word, what is it? |
Smooth |
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What is "follow through"? |
It's the continuing to apply the two basic fundamentals of marksmanship until recoil has ceased. |
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Sight alignment + trigger control = |
The integrated act of firing. |
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What is the purpose of a firing position? |
To support the two basic firing Task |
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What are the four elements of a "steady position" |
1. Support 2. Muscular relaxation 3. Natural point of aim 4. Durability |
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What is the most stable platform? |
The ground |
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What are the five points of a solid position? |
1.non firing hand 2. Firing hand 3. Rifle butt 4. Stock weld 5. Elbows |
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How does altitude affect shots |
The higher the altitude = the thinner the air = less resistance on bullet = rounds will impact higher. |
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How does temperature affect shots |
Colder air = more dense = more resistance on bullet = rounds will impact lower. |
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What is meant by no value wind? |
Winds that blow straight into the firer's face or winds that blow straight into the target are termed no value winds because they have minimal effect on the bullet |
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What is meant by full value wind? |
Winds that blow from the left at the 9 o'clock or right at the 3 o'clock are called full value winds because they have the most effect on the bullet |
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What is meant by half value wind |
Winds that blow at an angle from the right front or rear are called half value winds because they have about half that affect on the bullet as full values wind |
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What does a 0 – 3 mph wind feel like? |
Hardly felt, but smoke drifts |
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What does 3 – 5 mph winds feel like |
Felt lightly on face |
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What does a 5-8 mph wind feel like ? |
Keeps leaves in constant movement |
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What does 8-12 mph winds feel like ? |
Raises dust and loose paper |
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What does 12-15 mph winds feel like |
Causes small trees to sway |
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What is the wind formula? |
Range(meters) X velocity (MPH) --------------------------- divided by 7. = MOA OF DRIFT |
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What is a acceptable group size ? |
An acceptable group size for 4/5 rounds inside a 2.5cm (1 inc) area |
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What is coaching? |
Coaching is the process of having another soldier observe the fire during the firing process to look for shooting errors the fires himself may not consciously know they are making |
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What are the two types of coaches? |
1. Experienced 2. Peer |
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What causes "fliers" |
Poor trigger control |
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What causes "lateral dispersion"? |
Trigger control and poor position |
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What causes "vertical dispersion" ? |
Inconsistent sight picture and lack of focus on front sight post |
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On the M4 one click of the front site post is equivalent to how many MOA? |
1 3/4 |
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On the M4 back up iron site, one click is equivalent to how many MOA? |
3/4 MOA |
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On the M68 close combat optic, one is equal to how many MOA |
1/2 MOA |
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On the EO TEC, one click is equal to how many MOA? |
1/2 MOA |
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On the ACOG, one click equals how many MOA? |
Internal knob= 1/3 MOA External knob= 1/2 MOA |
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On the ELCAN, one click is equal to how many MOA |
1/2 MOA |
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What are the three ballistic phases? |
Internal, external, terminal |
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What two forces affect external ballistics? |
Gravity and wind resistance |
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How can shooters counter the forces? |
1. Increase the angle of departure counters effects of gravity. 2. Imparting spin and high velocities counter the effects of air resistance |
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With a 300 meter zero, how far above the line of sight is the bullet at 150 meters |
7-10 inches |
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With a 300 m zero, how far below the line of sight is the bullet at 350 meters |
10 inches |
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One minute of angle is how many degrees? |
1/60th of a degree |
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One minute of angle is how many inches at 100 m? |
1 inch |
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What is the combat identification process? |
Detect, identify, decide, engage, asses |
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Mechanically zero in a weapon is only necessary when? |
When the weapon zero is questionable, when the weapon is newly assigned, and when the weapon sights have been serviced |
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What is the dot size on the M68 CCO? |
2-4 MOA |
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What is the average group size at 25 m |
2.5cm |
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What is a minute of angle |
And angular unit of measure in fractions of degrees |
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What MOA are the clicks on a windage Knob form the M16 and the M4? |
M16A4= 1/2 MOA M4=3/4 MOA |
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What is considered "consistent grouping" |
8/10 rounds from two consecutive five rounds shot groups fall within a 4 cm circle |
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Two major principles of marksmanship |
1 Properly point the rifle at the target 2 fire the rifle without moving it |
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What is parallax |
Parallax in a rifle scope is the parent movement, or displacement of objects when viewed from different perspectives |
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What is trajectory |
Trajectory is the path of flight that the bullet will take when it's fired from the rifle |
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Long vertical or long horizontal shot group |
Sight alignment |
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Short vertical or short horizontal shot group |
Sight picture |
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Rounds low and right right-handed fire, rounds low and left left handed firer |
Trigger control |
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Misplaced shot group |
Natural point of aim |
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Shot group low and left or low and right |
Rifle canted |
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Scattered shot group |
Anticipating the shot, I focused on target not front site post, unstable position, changing I relief/head position between shots |
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Lead formula |
Range in meters X 7 = lead in inches |
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WSAA |
With subtract, target moving with wind subtract wind from lead
Against add, target moving against wind you must add the wind value to lead |
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Range estimate 100m |
Facial features are identifiable |
Human target 300 m |
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Human target at 200m |
Loss of facial detail, but skin and equipment Color identifiable |
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Human target 300m |
Clear body outline, face color visible, but other details blurry |
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400m human target |
Body outline is clear but remaining details blurred |
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500m human target |
Body shape tapers at ends and the head melts with the shoulders |
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600m human target |
Body appears wedge shaped without appearance of a head |
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How far is football field method accurate |
800 yards |
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During short range marking ship engagements closer than 25 m it is necessary to use what? |
A holdover to hit exactly where the shooter wants on the target |
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Closer than 25 m the shooter will have to aim? |
Higher than the desired point of impact |
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Misalignment of the sighting system creates an |
Angular error that will increase with distance |
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Integrated act of firing |
Sight alignment and trigger control |
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Integrated act of firing |
Sight alignment and trigger control |
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What is natural point of aim |
Where your position is naturally pointing when your body is relaxed |
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When parallaxes adjusted properly the? |
The radical and the target should not move independently |
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A scope does not reduce the importance of |
Site alignment, trigger control, body position, follow through, and natural point of aim |
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What is ballistics? |
Everything that happens to the projectile from the time the primer struck by the firing pin until the projectile comes to a complete stop |
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A bullet fired from a true horizontal barrel begins to do what |
Slow down and fall towards the earth immediately upon leaving muzzle the weapon |
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A common centrical bullet has no what |
Lift capabilities |
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What is zeroing |
Adjusting the sights so the bullets impact where we are aiming |
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What is the difference and M4 rear sights and M-16 rear sights |
Difference in thread pitch |
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Zeroing in the lower half of the 4 cm circle will ensure what |
Higher probability of hits at 150 and 250 m |
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What is the standard e type silhouette in height in inches and width |
40" tall 20" wide Represents a human target in the kneeling position |
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What has the greatest variable effect on Ballistic trajectories |
The wind |
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How to read wind |
1. Use of Kesterel or other anemometers 2. Study previous shot 3. Watch trajectory through spitting scope |
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All firing takes place at the |
Weapon |
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Characteristics of a coach/trainer |
Knowledgeable, motivated, respectful, sincere, patience, persistence, approachable, honest and fair, organized,alert, ability to communicate, integrity at all times |
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How many MOA are in a circle |
21,600 MOA |
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front sight post MOA, M16 and M4 |
M16 - 1 1/4 M4 - 1 3/4 |
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On the ACOG, EOTECH,M68 and the ELCAN where is the parallax adjustment Knob ? |
There is none |
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3 phases of the shot process |
Pre-shot Shot Post shot |
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3 processes of target acquisition |
Detect- detect potential threats
Identify - identify as friendly, foe, or non combatant
Prioritize -prioritize based on level of danger they present |
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6 primary carry positions |
Hang Safe hang Collapsed low-ready Low ready High ready Ready (or ready-up) |
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