Marine Bio Unit 2

Front 1

heterotrophic

Back 1

an organism that eats other organisms, a consumer

Front 2

motile

Back 2

ability to move spontaneously and actively

Front 3

radial symmetry

Back 3

a body plan in which any plane along a central axis will divide the body into approxiately mirror-image halves

Front 4

bilateral symmetry

Back 4

when an animal can be divided into roughly mirror image halves only along one particular plane through the central axis

Front 5

sessile

Back 5

not free to move about, usually permanently attached to a surface

Front 6

spicules

Back 6

a subunit of the endoskeleton of sponges that is made of protein, silica, or calcium carbonate

Front 7

spongin

Back 7

a protein that forms the skeleton of a sponge

Front 8

filter feeders

Back 8

animals that feed by straining suspended matter and food particles from water, typically by passing the water over a specialized filtering structure

Front 9

amoebocytes

Back 9

a protist or animal cell that moves by extending a cellular projection called a pseudopod

Front 10

collar cell

Back 10

the heart of a sponge's water system, they line the inside of the atrium or in the lining of the filter chambers. collar cells have flagellum that beat in rhythmic fashion, creating pressure and forcing water in and out of the sponge

Front 11

osculum

Back 11

a large opening in a sponge through which water is released

Front 12

epithelial cells

Back 12

cells that form epithelial tissue, give rise to glands

Front 13

gastrodermis

Back 13

the inner layer of cells that lines a gastrovascular cavity of Cnidarians

Front 14

mesoglea

Back 14

a middle, jelly-like layer within the body wall of cnidarians

Front 15

nerve net

Back 15

a simple form of nervous system, consisting of a network of neurons that extend throughout the tissues of an organism such as a cnidarian

Front 16

cnidocytes

Back 16

in members of the phylum cnidaria, a specialized cell that houses a stinging aparatus

Front 17

statocysts

Back 17

a sensory organ in cnidarians

Front 18

polyp

Back 18

the sedentary, vase-shaped stage in the life cycle of many cnidarians, including hydra and sea anenomes

Front 19

medusae

Back 19

a bell-shaped, typically free-swimming stage in the life cycle of many cnidarians, including jellyfish

Front 20

colloblasts

Back 20

a cell type found in the tentacles of some animals allowing them to capture prey

Front 21

benthic

Back 21

region near the surface of the ocean, the benthic zone

Front 22

radula

Back 22

a ribbon of tissue in the mouth of a gastropod mollusk; bears numerous teeth on its outer surface and is used to scrape and drag food into the mouth

Front 23

nekton

Back 23

animals that are able to move independently of water currents.

Front 24

chromatophores

Back 24

pigment-containing and light-reflecting cells found in cephlopods

Front 25

operculum

Back 25

a lid-like structure found on the upper surface of the foot of gastropods, helps protect the softer parts of the animal

Front 26

broadcast spawning

Back 26

an external method of reproduction where the female releases many unfertilised eggs into the water. At the same time, a male or many males release a lot of sperm into the water which fertilises some of these eggs.

Front 27

head region

Back 27

the region of a gastropod with the mouth

Front 28

foot region

Back 28

the biggest part of a gastropod, usually used to dig in sand

Front 29

visceral region

Back 29

the part of a gastropod containing all its GUTS

Front 30

identify the characteristics (4) and representative members of Phylum Porifera

Back 30

1) asymmetrical, no tissues
2) individual cell types with specific roles
3) sessile
4) has spicules (calcium carbonate, silica)
4) has spongin (structural protein for skeleton)

examples: sponges

Front 31

identify the characteristics (4) and representative members of Phylum Mollusca

Back 31

1) soft bodied, calcium carbonate shell
2) bilateral symmetry: large foot, radula
3) gills, open circulatory system
4) head, food, and visceral regions

three major classes are gastropods, bivalves, and cephalopods

Front 32

Class Bivalvia

Back 32

1) filter feeders
2) have a mantle
3) have feet for digging or for byssal fibers
4) sessile (except for scallops)
5) reproduce through broadcast spawning among other methods

examples: scallops, muscles, clams, oysters

Front 33

Class Gastropodia

Back 33

1) have a radula, are herbivorous grazers
2) have an operculum
3) can be territorial, predatory
4) benthic, not sessile
4) reproduce through diverse methods

examples: sea slugs (nudibranch) and snails (abalone, whelks, conch, moon snail cowry)

Front 34

Class Cephalopodia

Back 34

1) nekton, swimmers, jet propulsion
2) predatory carnivores
3) closed circulatory systems
4) eye sight, central nervous system
5) chromatophores
6) reproduce through copulation

Front 35

identify the characteristics and representative members of Class Schypozoa

Back 35

Typical sea jelly shape (medusa)
Planktonic
Controls vertical movement with contractions of bell
Suspension feeders/carnivorous predator
Reproduce sexually: broadcast spawning

Front 36

identify the characteristics and representative members of Class Anthozoa

Back 36

anenomes and coral
sessile
live in tidepools, deep ocean bottoms, shells of mollusks
suspension feeders/carnivorous predators
budding, clone colonies