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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Greenhouse effect |
- increases in CO2 are causing the earth to warm up and ocean chemistry to change |
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Two main anthropogenic causes of increased CO2 |
1) increased CO2 emissions from fossil fuel burning 2) deforestation: removal of vegetation that takes up CO2 |
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Predicted effects of climate change on oceans |
- sea surface temp warming (loss of sea ice) - changes in thermohaline circulation (less O2 in the deep) - sea level rise (loss of sea ice, flooding) - acidification (due to dissolved CO2) |
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Arctic and Polar habitats and climate change |
- ice steadily declining - loss of breeding and foraging space - decreased primary productivity (diatoms) - less food available for higher trophic levels |
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Tropical habitats and climate change |
- high temps can cause bleaching and mortality - changing temps can affect ranges (deeper, N or S) and interactions - warmer waters can lead to more and stronger hurricanes |
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What can changes in temp and salinity affect in the ocean? |
- deep circulation - melting ice produces fresh water which can cause less downwelling (stronger pycnoclines in the summer) - less downwelling means less oxygen in the deep |
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What does a high pH mean? |
- higher concentration of -OH ions - more basic water |
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What will increased CO2 concentration do to the ocean's pH and the marine organisms? |
- it will make it decrease leading to more acidic water - gas solubility increases - calcifying organisms will not be able to make calcium carbonate for their shells (cocolithophores, gastropods, bivalves, coral, echinoderms) |
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How could climate change effect the primary production and biological pump? |
- stratification could increase and lead to decline in primary production and slow the biological pump (and sinking rates) - the pump takes organic matter from the surface to depth |
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How could higher CO2 effect surface photosynthesis? |
- it could enhance it where nutrients are abundant (where CO2 is the limiting factor) |
