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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
when did mandate of heaven first emerge? |
in zhou dynasty, but implemented throughout chinese history |
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what is mandate of heaven? |
philosophical idea used politically to lend legitimacy to rulers |
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who was this concept further expanded on by? |
mencius |
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what does mandate of heaven say? |
heaven will grand emperors right to rule based on ability to govern |
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if emperor could not govern properly, how would heaven tell it no longer supported them? |
heaven gave them a sign,usually some naatural disaster |
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what happened near end of shang dynasty? |
rulers began to exhibit bad behavior- drinking oto much, partaking in unsavory activities, negleting state, favoring bad officials |
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how did the mandate emerge? |
justification for overtaking rule of previous power, the shang |
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how did zhou overthrow shang? |
emperor said heaven had shown him shang kings were corrupt so he could overthrow him |
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was king wen of zhou able to overthrow him? |
no, but his son was |
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what was mandate of heaven used for? |
lend legitimacy to current ruler, also justification to overthrow evil or bad ruler |
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what passage illustrates how mencius further developed concept? |
king asks mencius if it is true king wu took up arms against zhou - when is told it is true, asks if it is permissible for subject to assassinate his lord |
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what does mencius say about zhou being killed? |
someone who is a villain and criminal is a scoundrel; he had heard scoundrel zhou was killed, but not that a lord was killed |
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what is mencius explaining with this passage? |
it may be wront to assassinate ones lord, but one who acts as scoundrel is no longer a lord, thus doesn't have mandate of heaven and justifies revolt/political change |
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what does this proverb show: "slightest virtue although unseen by men is surely seen by heaven" |
supports original claim that mandate of heaven is bestowed upon good ruler; if people are not able to see rulers virtue, the only thing that is important is that heaven can |
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what does this proverb show "men should beware of coveting riches; when riches come through covetousness, heaven's calamities follow" |
illustrates mandate almost perfect, promulgating idea that heaven will bestow calamities on those rulers who foster bad behavior |