Management Midterm 1 - Chapters 1, 2, 3

Front 1

What are the five characteristics of teams?

Back 1

1. Exist to achieve a shared goal
2. Members are interdependent regarding some common goal
3. Bounded and stable over time
4. Operate in a social system context
5. Members have the authority to manage their own work

Front 2

What are the seven kinds of teams?

Back 2

1. Departmental
2. Production/Service/Leadership
3. Self-directed
4. Advisory
5. Task force
6. Skunkworks
7. Virtual teams

Front 3

What are the characteristics of a departmental team? (four)

Back 3

-Employees have similar or complementary skills
-Employees located in same unit of a functional structure
-Minimal task interdependence
-Each employee works with members of other departments

Front 4

What are the characteristics of a production/service/leadership team? (four)

Back 4

-Employees are multiskilled
-Employees produce collectively produce a common product/service
-Production/service teams have assembly-line interdependence
-Leadership teams have tight interdependence

Front 5

What are the characteristics of a self-directed team? (four)

Back 5

-Employees are multiskilled
-Employees collectively produce a common product/service
-Low interdependence with other work units
-Very high autonomy

Front 6

What are the characteristics of an advisory team? (three)

Back 6

-Provide recommendations to decision makers
-May be temporary or permanent
-Some frequent rotation of members

Front 7

What are the characteristics of a task force team? (three)

Back 7

-Employees are usually multiskilled
-Assigned to solve a one-time problem or complete a project
-Separate after task completed

Front 8

What are the characteristics of a skunkworks? (four)

Back 8

-Employees are multiskilled
-Located away from the organization
-Initiated by an innovation champion
-Borrows people and resources from main organization by bootlegging

Front 9

What are the characteristics of a virtual team? (three)

Back 9

-Operate across space and time
-Linked through information technology to achieve tasks
-May be temporary task forces or permanent service teams

Front 10

What are the three success factors for self-directed teams?

Back 10

1. Responsible for making an entire work process
2. Have sufficient autonomy
3. Have technology-supported team dynamics

Front 11

What are the three success factors for virtual teams?

Back 11

1. Team members are extra-competent
2. Have flexible information technology
3. Have occasional face-to-face interaction

Front 12

What are process losses?

Back 12

Resources expended toward team development and maintenance rather than the task

Front 13

What is social loafing?

Back 13

Team members exerting less effort when working in groups than when working alone

Front 14

What are the four features of team design?

Back 14

1. Task characteristics
2. Team size
3. Team composition
4. Team roles

Front 15

What are the five features of team processes?

Back 15

1. Team development
2. Team norms
3. Team cohesiveness
4. Team trust
5. Team conflict

Front 16

What are the five stages of team development?

Back 16

1. Forming
2. Storming
3. Norming
4. Performing
5. Adjourning

Front 17

What are the three levels of team trust?

Back 17

1. Calculus-based
2. Knowledge-based
3. Identification-based

Front 18

What are the three characteristics of effective goals?

Back 18

1. Specific
2. Difficult
3. Shared

Front 19

What are the three forms of structure?

Back 19

1. Sequential
2. Pooled
3. Reciprocal

Front 20

What are the three kinds of team roles?

Back 20

1. Task
2. Interpersonal/Socioemotional
3. Boundary-spanning

Front 21

What are the advantages and disadvantages of diversity within a team?

Back 21

Advantages: Greater breadth of knowledge; more perspectives

Disadvantages: More process losses; more relationship conflict

Front 22

In conflict, what is the difference between a person's position and a person's interest?

Back 22

A person's position is what a person wants (requests), and a person's interest is why he or she wants it (motivations).

Front 23

What are the five conflict management styles?

Back 23

1. Problem Solving
2. Forcing
3. Accommodating/Yielding
4. Avoiding
5. Compromising

Front 24

What are the three types of conflict?

Back 24

1. Task/constructive
2. Administrative
3. Relationship/emotional

Front 25

What is the fundamental attribution error?

Back 25

The tendency for one person to externalize his failures and to internalize his successes, and for that person to internalize others' failures and externalize others' successes

Front 26

What are four items that minimize relationship conflict?

Back 26

1. Emotional intelligence
2. Cohesive team
3. Supportive team norms
4. Problem solving conflict management style

Front 27

What are four structural solutions to minimize team relationship conflict?

Back 27

1. Emphasizing superordinate goals
2. Find ways to understand others' differences
3. Reduce task interdependence
4. Make rules and responsibilities less ambiguous

Front 28

What are four objectives of business?

Back 28

1. Survival
2. Growth
3. Social responsibility
4. Profit

Front 29

What are three views of what organizations are?

Back 29

1. Organizations as rational systems
2. Organizations as natural systems
3. Organizations as open systems

Front 30

What are three parts of organizations as rational systems?

Back 30

1. An organization is like a machine.
2. An organization focuses on formal structure and technology to improve performance.
3. An organization's performance is measured by efficiency.

Front 31

What are three parts of organizations as natural systems?

Back 31

1. An organization is like a person.
2. An organization focuses on people and its informal structure.
3. An organization's performance is measured by effectiveness.

Front 32

What are three parts of organizations as open systems?

Back 32

1. An organization is like an ecosystem.
2. An organization focuses on environment and boundaries.
3. An organization's performance is measured by effectiveness.

Front 33

What are the five factors of production? Which are components of countries with wealth?

Back 33

1. Land
2. Labor
3. Capital
4. Entrepreneurship (wealth)
5. Knowledge (wealth)

Front 34

What is the difference between standard of living and quality of life?

Back 34

Standard of living is an amount of goods and services (a number), while quality of life is a general well-being of a society.

Front 35

What are the five main management theories in chronological order?

Back 35

1. Scientific Management Theory
2. Administrative Management Theory
3. Behavioral Management Theory
4. Management Science Theory
5. Organizational Environment Theory

Front 36

Who were the main proponents of scientific management theory?

Back 36

Frederick Taylor; Frank and Lillian Gilbreth

Front 37

What is scientific management theory?

Back 37

The study of the relationships between PEOPLE AND TASKS to redesign the work for HIGH EFFICIENCY

Front 38

Who were the main proponents of administrative management theory?

Back 38

Max Weber; Henri Fayol

Front 39

What is administrative management theory?

Back 39

The study of how to create an ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND CONTROL SYSTEM that leads to high efficiency and effectiveness

Front 40

Who were the main proponents of behavioral management theory?

Back 40

Mary Parker Follett; Hawthorne researchers

Front 41

What is behavioral management theory?

Back 41

The study of how MANAGES SHOULD BEHAVE to motivate employees and encourage them to perform at high levels

Front 42

What is the human relations view in behavioral management theory?

Back 42

That worker efficiency is improved when workers are being watched; group norms can influence behavior of members (Hawthorne studies)

Front 43

What is management science theory?

Back 43

An approach to management that uses rigorous QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES to maximize use of resources

Front 44

What are the four branches of management science?

Back 44

1. Quantitative management
2. Operations management
3. Total quality management
4. Management information systems

Front 45

What is organizational environment theory?

Back 45

An approach to management that considers forces that operate BEYOND AN ORGANIZATION'S BOUNDARIES to maximize use of resources

Front 46

What is the open systems view of organizational environment theory?

Back 46

The input, conversion, and output stages have great impact on the success of organizations. An organization must be able to transverse these stages to be successful.

Front 47

What is the contingency theory of organizational environment theory?

Back 47

The idea that what managers base decisions is contingent on the current characteristics of the external environment

Front 48

What is the difference between a mechanistic structure and an organic structure?

Back 48

The authority of mechanistic structures is more centralized, tasks and rules are clearly stated, and employees are closely monitored.