Management Chapter 2

Front 1

Perception

Back 1

The process by which individuals select, organize, and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment.

Front 2

Attribution Theory

Back 2

The theory that when we observe what seems to be a typical behavior by an individual we attempt to determine whether it is internally or externally caused.

Front 3

Distinctiveness

Back 3

A behavioral rule that asks whether an individual will act similar across a variety of situations.

Front 4

Consensus

Back 4

A behavioral rule that asks everyone faced with a similar situation responds in the same way

Front 5

Consistency

Back 5

A behavioral rule that asks whether the individual has been acting in the same way over time.

Front 6

FAE (Fundamental Attribution Error)

Back 6

The tendency to underestimate the influence to external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when making judgements about behaviors of others.

Front 7

Se;f Serving Bias

Back 7

The Tendency for an individual to attribute their own success to internal factors while putting the blame for failures on external factors.

Front 8

Selective Preception

Back 8

People's selective interpretation of what they see based on their interests, background, experience and attitudes.

Front 9

Halo Effect (Horns Effect)

Back 9

Drawing a general impression of an individual on the basis of a single characteristic

Front 10

Contrast Effects

Back 10

The concept that our reaction to one person is often influenced by other people we have recently encountered.

Front 11

Projecting

Back 11

Attributing one's own characteristics to other people

Front 12

Stereotyping

Back 12

Judging someone on the basis of ones perception of the group to which that person belongs.

Front 13

Heuristics

Back 13

Judgment shortcuts in decision making

Front 14

Prejudice

Back 14

An unfounded dislike of a person or group based on their belonging to a particular stereotyped group.

Front 15

Self-Fulfilling Prophecy

Back 15

A concept that proposes a person will behave in ways consistent with how he or she is perceived by others.

Front 16

Personality

Back 16

The stable patterns of behavior and consistent internal states that determine how an individual reacts to and interacts with others.

Front 17

Personality Traits

Back 17

enduring characteristics that describe an individual's behavior

Front 18

Myer-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)

Back 18

A personality test that types four characteristics and classifies people into 1 of 16 personality types.

Front 19

Extraversion

Back 19

A personality factor that describes the degree to which someone is sociable, talkative, and assertive.

Front 20

Agreeableness

Back 20

A personality factor that describes the degree to which someone is good-natured, cooperative, warm, and trusting.

Front 21

Conscientiousness

Back 21

A personality factor that describes the degree to which someone is responsible, dependable, persistent, and achievement oriented.

Front 22

Emotional Stability

Back 22

A personality factor that describes the degree to which someone is calm, self-confident, and secure.

Front 23

oPENNESS TO eXPERIENCE

Back 23

A personality factor that describes the degree to which someone is imaginative, artistically sensitive, and intellectual.

Front 24

Core Self-Evaluation

Back 24

The degree to which an individual likes or dislikes himself or herself as capable and effective, and whether the person feels in control of his or her environment or powerless over the environment.

Front 25

Machiavellianism

Back 25

The degree to which an individual is pragmatic maintains emotional distance and believes that ends can justify the means.

Front 26

Narcissism

Back 26

The tendency to be arrogant, have a grandiose sense of self-importance, require excessive admiration, and have a sense of entitlement

Front 27

Self-Monitoring

Back 27

A personality trait that measures an individual's ability to adjust behavior to external, situational factors.

Front 28

RsikTaking

Back 28

A person;s willingness to take on chances or risks.

Front 29

Type A Personality

Back 29

A personality with aggressive involvement in a chronic, incessant struggle to achieve more and more in less and less time and if necessary, against the opposing effects of other things or other people.

Front 30

Proactive Personality

Back 30

A person who identifies opportunities shows initiative takes action and preserves until meaningful change occurs.

Front 31

Emotions

Back 31

Intense feelings that are directed at someone or something.

Front 32

Emotional Labor

Back 32

When an employee expresses organizationally desired emotions during interpersonal interactions.

Front 33

Emotional Dissonance

Back 33

Inconsistencies between the emotions people feels and the emotions they show.

Front 34

Felt emotions

Back 34

An individual's actual emotions.

Front 35

Displayed Emotions

Back 35

Emotions that are organizationally required and considered appropriate in a given job.

Front 36

Surface acting

Back 36

Hiding one's inner feelings to display what is expected. D

Front 37

eeping Acting

Back 37

Trying to modify one's true inner feelings to match what is expected.

Front 38

Emotional Intelligence (EI)

Back 38

An assortment of noncognitive skills, capabillities, and competencies that influence a person's ability to success in coping with environmental demands and pressures.

Front 39

Employee Deviance

Back 39

Voluntary actions that violate established norms and threaten the organization, its members, or both.