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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Explain ways the organizational chart, chain of command, concentric model of organization to understand or improve organizations structure
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Organizational chart provides visual reference to show where employees fit in rank and functional relationship. Chart placement based on formal titles , may not be reliable indicator where power lies in organization. Chain of command shows delineation of authority from highest to lowest ranked worker. Placement high in chain of command does not entitle one to give orders to lower. Director of nursing would not direct foodservice. Concentric model does away with hierarchy system and invites all organizational members to contribute equality to problem solving
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Vrooms notion of rewards and employee motivation as detailed from expectancy theory
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Vroom argues that employees will be motivated to perform when they feel extra effort will lead to better performance and this improved will result in achievement of desired outcome or reward. 3 components expectency, instrumentaity and valance. Instrumentality mean performance will be rewarded, valance is value employee places on rewards or outcomes
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Discuss importance of breakeven point when considering pricing strategies
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Divide fixed costs by selling price minus variable cost
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Indirect costs
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are fixed no matter how much revenue is generated- mortage payment
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Direct, variable and flexible costs
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vary according to sales and production of operation - food and paper products
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semivariable costs
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both fixed and variable components - electricity for lights is fixed cost but electricity for ovens is variable
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semi variable costs
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fixed and variable elements- lights for dining room electricity is fixed, electricity for oven is variable
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Sunk costs
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Already made cant be reversed- consultant hired and training was already completed.
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Worker investment act
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1998- seeks to meet needs of employees and employers. Set guidelines for education and training. Employment centers measure aptitude
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Family and Medical leave act
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up tp 12 weeks unpaid leave for illness, recover from health issue, assist immediate family member, new baby. organizations > 50 workers . Employees worked 12 months 1250 hours
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Americans with disabilities act
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> 15 employees make reasonable accomodations to allow disabled indivu to perform job duties
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Job design
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Organize tasks contained in one job so employee can complete work well. Job analysis , job description, job breakdown of tasks job enlargement ( variety to tasks) job enrichment (builds responsibility and indepedence
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Productivity management
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inputs vs outputs. Only look at one input and output at a time.
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Operating budget
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Itemizes revenues, expenses , debt and cash flow for the accounting period. Used to estimate profitibility of operation - how much revenue is required
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Cash budget
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Difference between sales and expenses - helps manager predict is additional funds will be avail in event of crisis
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Capital budget
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Plan for large acquisitons or facility improvements over years
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General ledger
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history of operations financial dealings throughout lifecycle
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Maslows hiercarchy of needs
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Physiological needs, safety needs, need to belong. Then individual strives to meet self esteem needs which manager can help by recongition finally one strives for self-actualization and satisfaction in fullfilling potential for growth
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Explain managers role in evaluating food service operation, types of evals and 3 common measurement types
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Benefits- reveal strengths and weaknesses, abilty to problem solve before issues grow out of control. Manager needs to document evaluative process and outcome. Outcome or process oriented .
Management types norm referenced-comparing learner against group average, criterion-referenced- against what should have been learned or comparative |
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Explain elements of criteria sets as they are used to describe desirable outcomes in health care practice
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Statements developed by body of professionals to guide practioners in pursuit of quality care. AND may develop their own for structures, processes, and outcome a professional should adhere to. Quality standards in workplace environment, policies, accoutning, employee related factors.
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Effective methods of ushering change in organization as recommended by organizational change theory
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Give ample time to adjust and voice concerns. Have employee meeting to discuss change. Verbal communication combined with printed lit. If possible employees should be included in decision making
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Define total quality management and continuous quality improvement
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TQM uses all of organizations resources to produce high quality products and services. Customers, culture and counting.
Customer decides quality standards, workplace culture emphasizes quality and counting means accurate measurement Continous improvement is important part of TQM |
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Compare management styles embodied by traditional or classical approach
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Bureaucratic structure of top down authority. Value in heirarchy , embraces scalar principle which shares that authority flows in vertical line from highest to lowest. Early in 1900s and critized for being simplistic
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Systems approach of management
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composed of interdepedent components, event that effects one part affects other parts. Organization is open and interactive , can be affected by environment- which includeds vendors or regulatory agencies
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List managerial traits that contribute to success
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Communication skills, action-oriented. Work alongside employees daily, 'the customers always right" Internally motivated and autonomous, take risks when confronted with unique problems, recognize value of employees
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Compare transactional and transformational leadership
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Transactional- focus on bottom line and manipulate employees for short term goals- limited amount of problem solving tools
Transformational- motivating employees by incorporating meaning and purpose into tasks achieved- build long term organizaitonal culture |
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Different types of power managers can use
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reward power
Coercive power - ability to punish someone Legitamate power- influence due to authority of position, weak stand alone Expert power- expertise in field Referent power- based on personality and respect - voluntarily follow because they wish to model the person |
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Discuss steps that manager should take to prepare for disaster
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Updated employee roster , wear photo ID badges. Only authorized personell allowed in foodservice dept, visitors check in with supervisor. Employees become familiar with emergency procedures during taining and drills. Evacuation routes clearly posted. Strict policy on possession of keys for secured areas
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Elements of McClellands achievement affiliation theory as they pertain to employee motivation
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Employees need a sense of achievement, feeling of power and desire for affiliation. Level of needs varys by individual.
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Explain how managment fulfills planning function of position through short range, long range and strategic planning
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Short range- budgeting activities for 1 yr , allocates resources toward achievement of goals = can be used as rationale for ensuring operating budget
Strategic planning focuses on finding long range solutions , considers purpose in making decisions and will affect long term allocation of resources |
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Discuss elements of Herzebergs theory for employee motivation
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Motivation and hygeine- Environment, pay, supervision and working conditions. Not used to motivate but prevent movitation if inferior.
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Discuss how managers use staffing patterns and FTEs to determine needs
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Industry standards can be helpful. FTE can be used to determine right mix of full and part time workers . Budget will allow for certain number of FTEs
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Autocratic, bureacratic, particaptive, laisse faire
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autocratic- acts in solo fashion without consulting others
Bureaucratic- value organizational norms and hierarchy present in chain of command expect employee to respect manager based on position Pariticpative- work with leader to solve problem - trend is used in quality circles Laissexz faire- allow workers to make decision with little or no guidance |
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Define staffing and list tasks it involves
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Designed to cover all HR needs. Recruiting interviewing and selecting employees. After hired new employee orientation, continued training and encouragement. From recruitment to retention
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Discuss 3 conflict resolution methods managers commonly use in workplace
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Managers should act as mediators. Can be aggresive in asserting power which allows makes employees lose. They can compromise which does not help prevent future conflicts. Integrated problem solving creates culture of cooperation rather than competition - everyone wins
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Describe effective methods for managing of scheduling conflicts
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Have employees per diem , temp and on call. Try to accomodate time off requests but dont play favorites
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How to effectively schedule a staff
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Must provide adequate workforce to fufill labor needs without overscheduling employees. Cost and labor effective. Needs of facility come first.
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Explain how to communicate a schedule
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Table format - far enough in advance and posted in same location and same time
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Define personnel organization chart
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structure of organization which helps employees understand hierarchy and grouping so they can address questions and concerns with the correct person
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Explain types of formal discipline that may be meted by foodservice manager
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Oral warning, written warning, suspension and termination . Use positive coaching patience and teaching to model correct behaviors
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Describe appropriate actions when employee is absent , tardy or does not show up for work
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Use facilitys operating procedure, guidance can be found from HR. All absences and tardies should be documented , counsel employees after frequent occasions may need to be terminated
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Tell whether an interviewer may ask potential employee age or marital status
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Cant ask info about name change or maiden name
Birthplace or birth certificate Age Marital and family status Religion or practices |
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Define performance standards
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Benchmarks that describe desired work output by employee. Developed by standard rubric and clear and objective. Developed for each task in job desc once employee is trained it is reasonable to evaluate perfomance
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When can interviewer inquire whether applicant is citizen or not
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May question american citizen intentions to become one and legal right to work in US. Also if they can fluently write and speak english. Cant ask general questions about citizenship country of origin and cant require naturlalization papers
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Describe Pavlovs findings in motivating employees
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manager can reward staff with praise time off or incentives
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describe 3 types of managerial skills needed by all managers
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Technical- know mechanics of kitchen equipment, how to prepare menu items
Human skills- interact with others and build trust and motivatiion Conceptual- include analyitical skills to carry out mission of organizAtion |
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List some common features of computer software for food service programs
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Meal service- ticket tray prep, allergies and drug interact
Menu planning Forecasting features Purchasing features Inventory applications Food production applications Financial resourcez safety features |
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What documents and questions regarding physical characteristics are off limits during interview
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Illegal to question
race height weight sex photograh health questions not direct to job |
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discuss circumstances warranting termination
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Be preceded with documented corrective action. Immediate termination if employee blatantly ignores facility rules, endagers others, commits illegal act. Chronic absent or tardiness, fradulent documentating hours, unwillingnis to perform job duties
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explain what questions may be asked in regard to education and experience
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be careful not to elicit info about affiliation to organizations that may include religion preferences , race, ethnicity or any other personal identifying info- Ask about how volunteer experience equipped you to perform the job
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list some dept cost saving procedures
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Careful scheduling to avoid excess employees or OT
Train employees to streamline Provide service during select hours Reduce labor costs by prepared foods or capital equip Utilize computer systems Encourage employees to use products sparingly Offer incentives for revenue generated Energy saving procedues |
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explain how nutrition protocol and outcome management can be used as management eval tools
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May be developed by profession or organization. Include policy and procedure manual so everyone follows same principles of care and service for a diagnosis. Set of instructions for timelines of treatments, monitoring procedures, appror lab work and when consultations should be sought.
Outcome management gathers date for professional to evaluate efficency of entire process . |
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define standard operating procedure
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SOPs prescribed method to address and complete each task position and facility procedure. Integral to defining and measuring performance standards . Should be frequently revisited to update and promote with utmost accurary and efficiency for entier organization
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