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23 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Male Reproductive System

Reproductive anatomy


Transport of sperm


Spermatogenesis


Hormonal control of reproduction


Surgical birth control


Common cancers

Testes

Site of sperm and testosterone production.

Epididymis

Holds and matures sperm.

Vas deferens

Transports sperm to urethra.

Scrotum

Regulates temperature for optimum sperm production. (Slightly cooler than body temp.)

Seminal vesicals/ prostate/ cowper's (bulbourethral)

Glands that create semen.

Prostate muscle

Forces semen and sperm out during ejaculation.

Ejactory duct

Regulates when sperm and semen enter the urethra.

Urethra

Transports sperm or urine out of the body.

Penis and erectile tissue

Ensure proper position for depositing sperm.

Semen

Transports sperm to female.


Nourishes sperm.


Protects sperm.


Produces 95% of the ejaculated volume.

Sperm secreting glands

Seminal vesicals(4): drain into ejaculatory duct.


Prostate gland: ejactory duct join urethra, secretes fluid into urethra.


Bulbourethral gland (cowper's): drains into urethra at the base of the prostate.

Nutrients : Glands

Seminal vesicle: fructose (energy), prostaglandins (muscle contractions in females).


Prostate gland: alkaline buffer (buffers acid in vagina).


Bulbourethral gland (cowper's): mucus (pre-ejaculate, cleans urethra, aids movement)

Spermatogenesis: creation of sperm

Occurs in testes: seminiferous tubules


Reductional division


Why males can produce for their lifetime

Seminiferous tubules

Sertoli cells - respond to FSH -start sperm production, and nourish developing sperm

Why males can produce for their lifetime.

Spermatogonia:


- stem cells that are precursors of sperm


-divide by mitosis to produce more spermatogonia


- or differentiate into spermatocytes through meiosis

Reductional division

Spermatocytes: divide by meiosis to produce 4 haploid spermatids.


Spermatids: differentiate into sperm, losing most of their cytoplasm.

Sperm structure

Head: acrosome -enzymes allow penetration of ova, Nucleus -DNA, essential for neworganism


Middle Piece: lots of mitochondria


Tail: flagellum rotates like corkscrew

Interstitial space

Leydig cells -respond to LH


-start testosterone production in blood

Hormonal control

Negative feed back does not stop hormone production only levels out production of hormones

Testosterone -secondary sex traits

Hair distribution


growth of larynx


bone growth


protein synthesis


male pattern baldness


sex drive


aggressive behavior

Vasectomy

Cutting the vas deferens tubes and sealing them with stitches or heat.


Done under local anaesthesia


Surgical birth control

Common Cancers

Testicular -detect with self examination, occurs early in age


Prostate gland -detect at doctors office, occurs later in age, physical exam and blood test (PSA) Prostate specific antigen