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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
sex cells=gametes
male gamete sperm female ovum egg |
balan/o penis
orch/o orchi/o orchid/o testis |
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prostat/o prostate gland
scrot/o scrotum urethr/o urethra vas/o vas deferens |
meet in female's reproductive system create new individual
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male repro system
penis epididymis scrotum seminal vesicles testicles prostate gland vas deferens |
some visible some hidden
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male repro system essential to perpetuation of life female dependent fertilization
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testosterone
hormone boys to men without it men wouldn't be able to make sperm reproduction impossible |
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both male and female produce nourish and transport egg or sperm
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male genitals**** inside and out testicles duct system epididymis vas deferens accessory glands and penis
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testicles ***testes produce and store sperm cells counterpart of ovaries oval 1 inch produce hormones testeosterone stimulates production sperm and facilitates maturation
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duct system*** = epididymis vas deferens each epi lies against tesstes coiled tubes stores matures spermatoza
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epididymis transports sperm to vas deferens (continuation of epididymis) goes to prostatic urethra ends as ejaculatory duct
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epididymis and vas deferens in pouch-like structure scrotum
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accessory glands*** and seminal vesicles and prostate gland fluids semen lubricate duct system nourish sperm
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seminal vesicles*** saclike structures attached to vas deferens side of bladder
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prostate gland produces components sof semen surrounds ejaculatory ducts base of urethra below bladder
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urethra carries semen throough penis urethra discharges urine
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penis ***
shaft main part glans tip foreskin |
inside penis
spongy tissue expand and contracts |
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sensation within penis by dorsal ***penile nerves branches sof internal pudendal*** nerves which send signals to muscles control ejaculation
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erection due to nerves called nervi erigentes
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blood flow in penis by cavernous arteries branches of penile artery
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cavernous arteries middle of corpora cavernosa chambers separate to form numerous spiral branches helicine*** arteries supplies blood to erection-forming tissuke
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blood leaves penis 3 major veins
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1 deep dorsal vein drains most blood from penile chambers corpora cavernosa corpus spongiosum and glands penis
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2 intermediate cavernous and crural veins
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3 superficial dorsal vein
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urethra
carries urine from bladder app 8-9" from bladder neck to end of penis |
urethra*** 3 portions
prostatic membranous and spongy portions |
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prostatic
widest part of tube throgh prostate gland ***walls fibrous tissue muscle fibers glandular openings connect to prostate gland ejaculatory ducts of prostate direct semen into urethra |
membranous portion
3/4" long between triangular ligaments of male pelvis |
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spongy portion
longest part of urethra extends through body of penis exits at glands urethra surrounded and protected by corpus spongiosum |
scrotum
loose pouch skin scrotal sac hold and protect*** testicles make sperm temp lower than inside body outside the body to keep temp at 92-93degrees 6 degrees lower than body |
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scrotum
can change size maintain right temp cold shrinks tighter to hold heat warm becomes larger floppy rid heat brain and nervous system |
testes
sperm-producing glands in scrotum egg-shaped organs 2" secrete androgenic hormone testosterone*** fertile male needs one testis and tubular system manufacture and carry sperm |
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scrotum
protects testicles outside body coiled ***tubes inside testicles make sperm cells rest of life 100 mill each daiy sperm 1/600" long |
testosterone
develop deper voices bigger muscles body and facial hair |
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epididymis
long coiled tube on top of behind each testicle transport sperm from testicle through epididymis 4-6*** weeks to travel |
after epididymis sperm out of scrotal sac via vas deferens mill sperm enter vas each day
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vas deferens extends from epididymis** to urethra connects the two parts also storehouse for sperm
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seminal vesicles and prostate gland responsible for producing fluids mix with sperm create semen**
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semen
fluid leaves penis ejaculate sperm pumped oput through vas deferens** mix with semen from seminal vesicles and prostate gland travel out urethra |
each ejaculation
can contain 500 mill*** sperm |
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male sex organs
work together produce semen release sperm to female produce and secrete sex hormones |
puberty
hormones male to mature man 9-14 pituitary gland stimulates testicles produce testosterone for sexual changes to set sequence |
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first stage
growth of scrotum and testes penis longer seminal vesicles prostate gland grow hair appears pubic area 2 years later face and underarms voice deepens first ejaculation growth spurt |
adult male produces mill sperm cells erery day developed in testicles in system of tubes called seminiferous tubules
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seminiferous tubules***
baby tubules simple round cells puberty testosterone other hormones cause cells divide and change thin with head and tail tadpoles** |
sperm
head contains genetic ***material genes tails used to propel themselves into epididymis complete development |
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after epididymis sperm move to vas deferens or sperm duct
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seminal vesicles and prostate gland produce whitish fluid seminal fliid mixes with sperm to for semen
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tissues in penis fills with blood erect muscles around reproductive organs contract and force semen through duct system and urethra***
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semen expelled from body through uethra inside penis process called ejaculation
milliliter of semen 100*** mill sperm |
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sperm manufactured in seminiferous tubules*** in each testicle head carries DNA combined with egg's DNA create individual
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sperm head
called acrosome penetrates egg mid-piece contains mitochondria supplies energy tail needs to move tail whip-like movements propel sperm to egg reach uterus and fallopian tube to fertilize |
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rigidity of erect penis
aids insertion into vagina semen deposited into vagina sperm up uterus help from uterine contractions |
if mature egg available single sperm pentetrates fertilization occurs conception
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fertilized egg
zygote contains 46 chromosomes half from egg half from sperm |
cell divides again and again in uterus
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Testicular Disorders
testicular trauma*** slightest injury severe pain burising swelling sports athletic cups |
testicular torsion***
12-18yrs. testicle twists on spermatic cord trauma actiity or no reason 1in 4000 younger 25 |
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undescended tisticles ***
not descended into scrotum at birth surgery |
testicular cancer***
common under40 cells in testes divide early cure excellent Lance armsstrong spread to abdodmen lungs brain |
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epididymitis***
inflammation coiled tubes connect testes with vas deferens STDs chlamydia pain swelling back testicle |
hydrocele***
flid in membranes surrounding testes birth or later swelling of testicle painless draw out fluid needle |
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inguinal hernias***
intestines through abdominal wall into groin scrotum bulge swelling in groin area surgery |
anorchia***
congential absence both testes |
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cyptorchism***
cnogenital 1-2 testicles in abdominal cavity not descended at birth |
Penile Disorders
hypospadias birth defect opeining of urethra wrong place underside of penis surgery |
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phimosis***
tightening of foreskin of penis children resolves w/o treatment |
ambiguous genitalia***
aren't clearly male or female |
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micropenis***
below average size |
balanitis ***
inflammation of glans penis phimosis |
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circumcision
foreskin removed religious besliefs hygiend cultural social reasons |
sterility/infertility
does not produce sperm or not enough abnormalikties of repro organs inflammation alcoholism STDs |
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impotence
unable acheive erection sustain common physical/psychological aging meds disease depression anxiety stress |
varicocele
infertility due to varicose vein in testicles poor circulation decreased spem production |
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priapism ***
stays erect leads to damage to erectile bodies persisting high pressures 6 hours or beyond erectile bodies damaged |
Peyronies disease***
curved penis scar tissue pulling one sice sometimes cause unknown |
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erectile dysfunction ED***
total inablility acheive erection inconsistent or tendency briefly |
azoopermia***
absence of sperm in semen |
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epispadias congential***
opeing of urethra not in correct place |
hypospadias***
common opeing on underside not at end of penis |
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oligospermia***
low sperm count testitis**** orchitis inflammation of testis |
prostatitis***
general term family of diseases inflammation or pain prostate region |
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benign prostatic hypertrophy***
common prostate gland enlarged man ages BPH |
BPH
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penile tumescence self test
checks for nighttime erections physically capable outcome will determine cause of erectile dysfunction treatment options 3 nights stamps wrapepd around mid shaft if stamps broken swelled and hardened |
penile implant ***
device inside penis |
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circumcision***
surgical removal of foreskin |
orchiopexy***
undescended testicle (cryptorchism) repair correct surgery |
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prostatectomy***
surgical removal all or part of prostate gland |
TURP***
transurethral resection of the prostate removal of all or part of prostate through urethra |
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vasectomy***
tie the tubes vas deferens permanent sterility small incisison upper part of sscrotum |
semen analysis ***
sperm count test performed if fertility in question sperm production or quality of sperm |
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drug therapy
meds improve sperm production hormonal*** dysfunction infections fight sperm antibodies |
administration of testosterone for deficiency
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Tamoxifen Nolvadex
antiestrogen agent stimulate gonadotropin male hormone release testos produc stomy opening mouth**** |
antibiotics s
levofloxacin** Levaquin doxycycline Periostat fertility-impairing infections of urinarpy tract testes and prostate STDs |
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Types of Drugs
antiestrogens aromatase inhibitors gonadotropins |
kallikrein
indomethacin phosphodiesterase inhibitors low dose corticossteroids |
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androgens
zinc |
vit C E A
other antioxidants |