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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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1910
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Urban League
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1914
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UNIA
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1915
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In 1915, the second Klan was founded. The film The Birth of a Nation and the sensationalized newspaper coverage of the trial, conviction and lynching of Leo Frank of Georgia sparked the Klan's revival. It grew amid rapid changes in many major cities absorbing immigrants from southern and eastern Europe and the Great Migration of Southern blacks and whites to the North and Midwest.
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1925
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Malcolm was born 19 May 1925 in Omaha Nebraska
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KKK which started in the south in the 1870s was very active in Midwest at the time of his birth under the name Black Legion. Several of his father's family members had been killed or beaten by racist.
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1931
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Malcolm's father was murdered. Many suspected the Black Legion arm of the KKK who had terrorized the family because of his father's support for self determination as practiced by Marcus Garvey.
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1938
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Malcolm's mother was declared insane and put in mental hospital.
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The 1930s was a period of economic struggle for most people whether black or white. Businesses failed, the stock market had crashed in 1928 and many lost there jobs and had no means of supporting themselves. It was called the Great Depression.
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1940
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Malcolm, a bright student, drops out of school after being told that his ambition to be a lawyer "was not a realistic goal for a nigger."
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World War II ended in 1945. During the War everyone was needed for the war effort, and black people had been able to win a few concessions in equal pay and civilian treatment. However, they still served in segregated military units until 1948 ay many of the gains were reversed at war's end.
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1942
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Malcolm begins his criminal life as a petty thief and numbers runner for a Boston gang.
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1946
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Malcolm is caught and sent to prison for seven years for burglary. It was said he got 1 year for burglary and 6 six years for dating a white women.
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1952
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Malcolm released from prison and began working as a minister in in Black Muslim mosque number 11 in Boston. He had also journey to Chicago and met Elijah Muhammad and made a good impression on the Black Muslim leader.
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1940s and 50s where a time of prosperity for Americans, but blacks where still discriminated against in housing and jobs, and segregated in schools and public facilities.
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1953-61
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First moves to Chicago to live with Elijah Muhammad; then a series of jobs as minister in Philadelphia and New York. With his gift for
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The racist reaction to 1954 Supreme court decision that school segregation was unlawful was to resist and punish any black people who tried to integrate not only schools but any Jim Crow laws, laws and social traditions that required Black people to be separated from and to show deference to White people in all aspects of life.
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1961
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Malcolm founded Muhammad Speaks, the official publication of the Black Muslims/Nation of Islam and greatly increased membership in the NOI. He became the official spokesperson for NOI and travel throughout the world representing the NOI.
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The 1955-56 Montgomery Bus Boycott led by Martin Luther King had begun the modern day civil rights movement. With the adoption of non-violent protest as his main strategy, and along with several other black preachers, Martin Luther King formed the SCLC, Southern Christian Leadership Conference, to agitate for civil rights.
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Nonviolence is fine as long as it works.
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Malcolm felt non-violence in the face of violence was not intelligent or human. He said, "there is nothing in our book the Koran that teaches us to suffer peacefully, our religion teaches us to be intellgient, peaceful, courteous, and obey the law and to respect everyone but if someone puts their hands on you - send them to the cemetary.
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1963
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Malcolm's is suspended from NOI because of remarks, roundedly criticized by the press and others, he had made concerning the assassination of President John F Kennedy only being a matter of - "the chickens coming home to roost."
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Civil rights movement and anti Viet name movement in full force. College campuses and city streets scenes of demonstrations, riots and confrontation between public and government.
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1964
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He travels to Mecca on his Muslim Hajj. One of the duties of Muslims for salvation is to visit Mecca if they are able. He established the Organization for Afro American Unity in 1964 after is pilgrimage, he later returns to Africa on a goodwill trip.
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The African independence movements starting during and after World War II began to be successful with countries like Ghana and others receiving independence during this period. Those newly independent countries formed the Organization of African Union (1963), which was strikingly similar to Malcolm's OAAU formed in 1964 and with similar goals to provide a united front in fight against colonialism or in the case of OOAU racism.
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The 1964 March on Washington was the high point of the civil rights movement an brought 250,000 people to Washington DC to demonstrate for civil rights.
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Martin Luther King wins 1964 Nobel Peace prize
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Deacons for Defense and Justice, a black organization established to protect civil workers against the Ku Klux Klan. The Deacons for Defense and Justice, a group of African American men who were mostly veterans of World War II and the Korean War, organized in Jonesboro, Louisiana, on July 10, 1964. Their goal was to combat Ku Klux Klan violence against Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) volunteers who were participating in voter registration activities.
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1965
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In early February Malcolm' s house was fire bombing and later that month he was assassinated 21 February 1965, while giving a speech in New York. "I knew it would end this way."
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Both Robert Kennedy, who had a adopted a more aggressive stance in fighting racism and Martin Luther King would be assassinated in an effort by reactionaries to shut off the civil rights movement.
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1966
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The Black Panther Party (originally called the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense) was an African-American organization established to promote civil rights and self-defense. It was active in the United States from the mid-1960s into the 1970s. Founded in Oakland, California, by Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale in October 1966, the organization initially espoused a doctrine calling for the protection of the African American neighborhoods from Police brutality, in the interest of African-American justice.
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The first official use of the term "Black Power" as social and political slogan was by Kwame Ture and Mukasa Dada (then known as Willie Ricks), both organizers and spokespersons for the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). On June 16, 1966, after the shooting of James Meredith during the March Against Fear, Carmichael said: "This is the twenty-seventh time I have been arrested and I ain't going to jail no more! The only way we gonna stop them white men from whuppin' us is to take over. What we gonna start sayin' now is Black Power!"
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