Malaria

Front 1

It is no. ___ on the big three killers list in order.

Back 1

2

Front 2

M is caused by a ________. And, the disease is carried from person to person by _______.

Back 2

parasite; mosquitos

Front 3

It is now a __________ disease even though it was once a common disease.

Back 3

tropical

Front 4

In the American Civil War, there were _______ cases and resulted in _____ deaths. Soldiers were recommended to be given a dosage of __________ dissolved in whisky.

Back 4

1.3M; 10,000; quinine sulfate

Front 5

It kills _____ a year even though it's preventable and treatable.

Back 5

1M

Front 6

Most children killed are in:

Back 6

Africa

Front 7

What is the main parasite family and the 4 sub parasites?

Back 7

Plasmodium:
1. falciparum
2. malariae
3. vivax
4. ovale

Front 8

Which two parasites within Plasmodium do they have a close relationships and what is it they have in common?

Back 8

P. vivax and P. ovale.

- can cause relapse
- survives in hosts' liver

Front 9

Is there an animal resevoir?

Back 9

Yes. Plasmodium lives in many speciies of vertebrate animals, especially primates.

Front 10

Which Plasmodium parasite terminates spontaenously within one year and without relapses, but is also one of the deadliest?

Back 10

P. falciparum

Front 11

Clinical episodes begin with:

Back 11

- chills
- fevers
- sweating

Front 12

How many acute cases of malaria are there each year? How many are deaths? And, what percentage of deaths are in Africa?

Back 12

300M; 1M; 90%

Front 13

An African child dies every ____secs of Malaria. It is believed to cost the African GDP _____ a year but can be controlled for a fraction of the cost. ___% of their budget goes to fight M.

Back 13

30s; $12B; 40%

Front 14

Canada has all _____ Plasmodium bacterium although only __ to ___ can pass on the disease.

Back 14

4; 2 to 3

Front 15

Depending on the __________, Anopheles may feed more frequently.

Back 15

temperature

Front 16

In order for the parasite to develope, the temperature must be _________ enough. There are ____ climate controls for this disease. The temperature controls the mosquito and the parasite.

Back 16

warm; 30

Front 17

M ____ be transferred to the child from the mother. M can also be transferred through:

Back 17

can; organ transplantation, shared needes, and transfusions

Front 18

______ women are the main risk group for this disease. They exhibit more ____ and exhibit ______ body temperatures and also releases _______. They also get up in the middle of the night a lot.

Back 18

Pregnant; carbon dioxide, warmer, feramones

Front 19

If a pregnant women gets M, she my ____ directly. She may also develop _______. As for the baby, there may be a spontaneous _________, _________, or have a low _______.

Back 19

die; anemia; abortion, neonatal death, birth weight

Front 20

In this malaria, the following occurs:
- cold-hot sweating stages
- attacks last for 6-10 hrs
- bed cloths are drenched
- seizures in children
- won't die, but will be debailitating

Back 20

P. vivax

Front 21

This malaria exhibits:
- organ failure
- deadly form
- abnormalities in blood and metabolism
- hemoglobinuria
- severe anemia
- cerebral malaria

Back 21

P. falciprum

Front 22

This malaria exhibited:
- abnormal behavior
- impairment of consciousness
- neurologic abnormalities

Back 22

Cerebral malaria

Front 23

Blood in the urine because of bleeding in the kidney so urine would be black or dark brown

Back 23

hemoglobinuria

Front 24

lack of red blood cells to transfer oxygen

Back 24

anemia

Front 25

___________ is used to treat M. It is based on ____________, _____________, and the ____________ of the disease.

Back 25

Chemotherapy; infecting species of plasmodium, possible drug resistance, severity

Front 26

Diagnosis is through the identification of _______________ and ___________ in the __________.

Back 26

clinical symptoms; parasite in the blood

Front 27

Three things can be used to prevent M.

Back 27

1) mosquito nets
2) protective clothing
3) repellants containing DEET

Front 28

There is a growing ________ to insecticides.

Back 28

resistance;

Front 29

3 physical factors affect the survival of mosquitoes.

Back 29

1) temperature
2) rainfall
3) humidity

Front 30

3 factos that affect the breeding of mosquitoes.

Back 30

1) altitude
2) latitude
3) landscape

Front 31

By 340BC, there was _______ used to treat malaria in China. In 1971, there is a very potent anti-malarial substance in the plant.

Back 31

plant

Front 32

There were mentions of Malaria in: (3 places)

Back 32

Chinese writings
Greek writings
Italian writings - miasmas

Front 33

Spanish learned of a medicine to treat fevers f/ Malaria. Which king was cured by this?

Back 33

Puruvian bark

Front 34

Went by different names:

Back 34

intermittent fever
swamp fever

Front 35

British called M

Back 35

Ague

Front 36

In the 1890s, there were _______ of 100,000 population in the N. States. Meanwhile, there were ________ of 100,000 population in the south.

Back 36

1000, 7000

Front 37

The US eradication campaign was from:

Back 37

1947-1951

Front 38

They sprayed _______ homes with DDT. In 1947, there were ________ cases left. In 1950, there ________ cases left.

Back 38

4.6M houses; 15,000; 2,000

Front 39

There was success with the eradication programs in ________ climates and ________ malaria. There were negligible effects in _______.

Back 39

temperate; seasonal; Heiti, Indonesia, Sub Saharan

Front 40

We have not been able to get rid of the disease because:

Back 40

- drug resistance
- lack of funding
- war
- massive population movements