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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Elements are basic forms of
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matter
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smallest units in elements are
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atoms
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atomic mass number may vary for
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isotopes
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atomic number is constant for each
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elements
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chemical bonds form and break in
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chemical reactions
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examples of diasacharides 3
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sucrose
maltose lactose |
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examples of polysaccharides 3
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cellulose
glycogen starch |
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examples of monomers 3
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glucose
fructose galactose |
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amino acids are compounds with
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amino group
carboxyl group and r group |
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wht's different with each amino acid?
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the R-group
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the R -group can be __/__ and ___/___
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polar/nonpolar
acidic/basic |
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glucose and fructose forms..
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sucrose
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glucose and glucose forms..
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maltose
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3 glucose forms..
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starch
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what must be removed from the glucose model molecules in order to have them easily fit together?
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water molecules
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benedict's color indicates color change when.. is present
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monosaccharide
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iodine color indicates color change when.. is present
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polysaccharide
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benedict's color change is from... to ...
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blue to orange/yellow
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iodine color change is from ... to ...
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rust/amber to blackish
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honey is a mono, dia or poly?
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mono
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oats is a mono, dia or poly?
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poly
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table sugar is a mono, dia or poly?
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dia
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apple is a mono, dia or poly?
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mono
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powdered sugar is a mono, dia or poly?
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dia
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example of food that is polysaccharides?
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oats, pasta, rice, bread, anything with grains, etc in it.
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do carbohydrates have a carboxyl group?
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no
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do carbohydrates have amino groups?
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no
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carboxyl group have a special arrange ment of..
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carbon, oxy, hydrogen
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amino gropus have a special arrangement of..
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nitrogen and hydrogen
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what determines the kinds of proteins?
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order, number, kinds, arrangement in space of amino acids joined
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what are ther two special end groups in an amino acid?
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carboxyl group
amino group |
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substances tested that were protein 2
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albumin and gelatin
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subatnces tested that weren't protein
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starch and sucrose
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what turns skin yellow and why?
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nitric acid, because it reacts with the protein in the skin
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what elements are present in glycerol?
are they also present in fatty acids? |
hydrogen, oxygen, carbon
yes |
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there are always __ oxygen atoms present in fatty acids
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2
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is carboxyl group presnet in fatty acids? in glycerol?
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yes, no
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a fat molecule contains _ ___ and _ ____
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1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids
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glycerol + fatty acid molecules ---> ___ + _____
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fat + water molecules
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what molecule remains unchanged in all fats?
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glycerol
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fats are soluble in ____ fluid
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lighter
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what is the result when fats...
mixed with lighter fluid? mixed with cold water? fats rubbed on brown paper water rubbed on brown paper |
dissolves
won't dissolve translucent non translucent |
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what is present in every of the component group? (carbo. lipid, etc)
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carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
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is there double the amount of hydrogen as oxygen in..
glycerol? fatty acids? amino acids? |
no
yes no |
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why won't grease on clothing come out with cold water?
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because water is polar and lipid isn't.
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amino acids are linked by
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peptide bonds
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biuret color changes from.. to ....
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blue to purple
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what is biuret tested positive for?
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proteins
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sudan is polar or nonpolar?
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polar
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sudan color change from ... to ....
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orange to dark orange layer at the top
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sudan is tested postiive for..
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lipid
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what color when sudan is negative?
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light orange throughout
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brown paper bag tests positive for..
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lipid
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brown paper bag color changes from.. to ...
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brown to translucent
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.. is the main source of energy for living things
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carbohydrates
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... help carry out chemical reactions
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proteins
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... is important parts of biological membranes
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lipids
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... transport substances in and out of cells
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proteins
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difference between ___ energy and the energy of the ___ is the ___ ____
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required, reactants, activation energy
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peak of each reaction graphs represnets the ....
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energy needed for the reaction to go forward
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surface tension
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water molecules are held together forming weak hydrogen bonds so the water surface is almost like a membrane
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evaporative coolant
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when we sweat, and the sweat evaporates, it takes away the heat.
dogs pant and rabbits uses their ears |
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imbibition
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porous substances soak up water
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excellent solvent
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water's polarity.
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what is water especially good at dissolving and why?
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ionic- because they are polar
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enzymes are very specific with catalyzing only _ reaction
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1
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reactants must collide with enough energy so existing bonds will be __ and new bonds will be formed
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broken
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enzymes can be affected by different variables:
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pH values
and changes in temperature |
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what does a competitive inhibitor do?
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mimics the substrate and competes for the active site
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what does a noncompetitive inhibitor do?
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binds to the enzyme at a location away from the active site, but alters the conformation of the enzyme so that the active site is no longer fully functional
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catabolism
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breaks things down
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anabolism
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builds things up
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cata + ana = __
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meta
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in the enzyme lab, which two substance gelled and which two didnt?
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canned + gelatin and gelatin
fresh + gelatin and meat tenderizer + gelatin |
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how could the canning process change bromelin?
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the heat change the shape of the protein and it doesn't work right
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