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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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government
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The institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies.
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public policy
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All of the goals a government sets and the various courses of action it pursues as it attempts to realize these goals.
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legislative power
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The power to make a law and to frame public policies.
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executive power
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The power to execute, enforce, and administer law.
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judicial power
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The power to interpret laws, to determine their meaning, and to settle disputes within the society.
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constitution
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The body of fundamental laws setting out the principles, structures, and processes of a government.
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dictatorship
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A form of government in which the leader has absolute power and authority.
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democracy
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A type of government in which the supreme government rests with the people.
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state
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A body of people living in a defined territory who have a government with the power to make and enforce law without the consent of any higher authority.
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sovereign
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Having supreme authority within its own territory; neither subordinate nor responsible to any other authority.
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autocracy
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A form of government in which a single person holds unlimited political power.
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oligarchy
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A form of government in which the power to rule is held by a small, usually self appointed elite.
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unitary government
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A centralized government in which all governmental powers belong to a single, central agency.
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federal government
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A form of government in which powers are divided between a central government and several local governments.
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division of powers
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Basic principle of federalism; the constitutional provisions by which governmental powers are divided on a geographic basis (in the United States, between the National Government and the States).
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confederation
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A joining of several groups for a common purpose.
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presidential government
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A form of government in which the executive and legislative branches of government are separate, independent, and coequal.
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parliamentary government
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A form of government in which the executive branch is made up of the prime minister, or premier, and that official’s cabinet.
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compromise
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An adjustment of opposing principles or systems by modifying some aspect of each.
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free enterprise system
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An economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods; investments that are determined by private decision rather than by state control, and determined in a free market.
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law of supply and demand
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A law which states that when supplies of goods and services become plentiful, prices tend to drop. When supplies become scarcer, prices tend to rise.
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mixed economy
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An economy in which private enterprise exists in combination with a considerable amount of government regulation and promotion.
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