Mader 35 Vocabulary

Front 1

Clumping of red blood cells due to a reaction between antigens on red blood cell plasma membranes and antibodies in the plasma.

Back 1

agglutination

Front 2

Foreign substace capable of stimulating an allergic response

Back 2

allergen

Front 3

Immune response to substances that usually are not recognized as foreign.

Back 3

allergy

Front 4

Severe systemic form of anaphylaxis involving bronchiolar constriction, impaired breathing, vasodilation, and a rapid drop in blood pressure with a threat of circulatory failure.

Back 4

analphylactic shock

Front 5

Specific mechanism of defense in which plasma cells derived from B cells produce antibodies that combine with antigens

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antibody-mediated immunity

Front 6

Cell that displays the antigen to certain cells of the immune system so they can defend the body against that particular antigen.

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antigen-presenting cell (APC)

Front 7

Receptor proteins in the plasma membrane of immune system cells whose shape allows them to combine with a specific antigen.

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antigen receptor

Front 8

Programmed cell death involving a cascade of specific cellular events leading to death and destruction of the cell.

Back 8

apoptosis

Front 9

Condition in which bronchioles constrict and cause difficulty in breathing.

Back 9

asthma

Front 10

Disease that results when the immune system mistakenly attacke the body's own tissues.

Back 10

autoimmune disease

Front 11

Lymphocyte that matures in the bone marrow and, when stimulated by the presence of a specific antigen, gives rist ot antbody-producing plasma cells.

Back 11

B lymphocyte (B cell)

Front 12

Specific mechanism of defense in which T cells destroy antigen-bearing cells.

Back 12

cell-mediated immunity

Front 13

Slow, progressing inflammation of connective tissue, usually causes permanent tissue damage.

Back 13

chronic inflammation

Front 14

States that the antigen selects which lymphocyte will undergo clonal expansion and produce more lymphocytes bearing the same type of receptor.

Back 14

clonal selection theory

Front 15

Collective name for a series of enzymes and activators in the blood, some of which may bind to antibody and may lead to rupture of a foreign cell.

Back 15

complement

Front 16

Type of protein secreted by a T lymphocyte that attacks viruses, virally infected cells, and cancer cells.

Back 16

cytokine

Front 17

T lymphocyte that attacks and kills antigen-bearing cells.

Back 17

cytotoxic T cell

Front 18

Allergic response initiated at the site of the allergen by sensitized T cells, involving macrophages and regulated by cytokines.

Back 18

delayed allergic response

Front 19

Antigen-presenting cells of the epidermis and mucous membranes.

Back 19

dendritic cell

Front 20

Swelling due to tissue fluid accumulation in the intercellular spaces.

Back 20

edema

Front 21

Seasonal variety of allergic reaction to a specific allergen. Characterized by sudden attacks of sneezing, swelling of nasal mucosa, and often asthmatic symptoms.

Back 21

hay fever

Front 22

Secretes lymphokines, which stimulate all kinds of immune cells

Back 22

helper T cell

Front 23

Substance, produced by basophils in blood and mast cells in connective tissue, that causes capillaries to dilate.

Back 23

histamine

Front 24

Allergic response that occurs within seconds of contact with an allergen; caused by the attachment of the allergen to IgE antibodies.

Back 24

immediate allergic response

Front 25

Ability of the body to protect itself from foreign substances and cells, including disease-causing agents.

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immunity

Front 26

Strategy for achieving immunity to the effects of specific disease-causing agents.

Back 26

immunization

Front 27

Globular plasma protein that functions as an antibody.

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immunoglobulin (Ig)

Front 28

Tissue response to injury that is characterized by redness, swelling, pain, and heat.

Back 28

inflammatory response

Front 29

Antiviral agent produced by an infected cell that blocks the infection of another cell.

Back 29

interferon

Front 30

Cytokine produced by macrophages and T lymphocytes that functions as a metabolic regulator of the immune reponse.

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interleukin

Front 31

Fluid, derived from tissue fluid, that is carried in lymphatic vessels.

Back 31

lymph

Front 32

Organ system consisting of lymphatic vessels and lymphoid organs; transports lymph and lipids, and aids the immune system.

Back 32

lymphatic system

Front 33

Vessels that carries lymph

Back 33

lymphatic vessel

Front 34

Mass of lymphoid tissue located along the course of a lymphatic vessel.

Back 34

lymph node

Front 35

Organ other than a lymphatic vessel that is part of the lymphatic system; the lymphoid organs are the lymph nodes, tonsils, spleen, thymus gland, and bone marrow.

Back 35

lymphatic (lymphoid) organ

Front 36

In vertebrates, large phagocytic cell derived from a monocyte that ingests microbes and debris.

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macrophage

Front 37

Connective tissue cell that releases histamine in allergic reactions.

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mast cell

Front 38

Group of complement proteins that form channels in microbe surface and destroy microbes.

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membrane attack complex

Front 39

Forms during a primary immune response but enters a resting phase until a secondary immune response occurs.

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memory B cell

Front 40

One of many antibodies produced by a clone of hybridoma cells that all bind to the same antigen.

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monoclonal antibody

Front 41

Lymphocyte that causes an infected or cancerous cell to burst.

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natural killer (NK) cell

Front 42

Disease-causing agent such as viruses, parasitic bacteria, fungi, and animals.

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pathogen

Front 43

Lymphatic organs located in small intestine.

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Payer's patches

Front 44

Mature B cell that mass-produces antibodies.

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plasma cell

Front 45

Vascularized, modified connective tissue that is sometimes found in the cavities of spongy bone; site of blood cell formation.

Back 45

red bone marrow

Front 46

Large, glandular organ located in the upper left region of the abdomen; stores and purifies blood.

Back 46

spleen

Front 47

Lymphocyte that matures in the thyumus and exists in four varieties, one of which kills antigen-bearing cells outright.

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T lymphocyte (T cell)

Front 48

Lymphoid organ involved in the development and functioning of the immune system; lymphocytes mature in the thymus gland.

Back 48

thymus gland

Front 49

Partially encapsulated lymph nodules located in the pharynx.

Back 49

tonsils

Front 50

Antigens prepared in such a way that they can promote active immunity without causing disease.

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vaccine

Front 51

Small, tubular appendage that extends outward from the cecum of the large intestine.

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vermiform appendix