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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why is Carbon so important?
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It has unique capacity for forming multiple bonds and chains at low energies.
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Can Carbon atoms share electrons?
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yes
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Hydrocarbons?
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non-polar, hydrophobic compounds
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Hydrophillic?
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Water-loving
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What does saturated hydrocarbons also known as alkanes mean?
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a simple chain of carbons with its full complement of hydrogens.
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What about unsaturated hydrocarbons also known as Alkenes?
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contain at least one double bond
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What are isomers?
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Molecules that have the same numbers of the same atoms but have different arrangements.
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What is the role of hydrocarbons in fats?
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Three hydrocarbon tails for the fat molecule provides energy.
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Structure of ATP, what does it consist of?
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Adenine nucleotide and two other phosphate groups
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Exergonic vs. Endergonic. Explain
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Exer. is the one that generate energy, while ender. is the one that require energy to initiate the reaction.
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What are polymers?
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Long molecules consisting of many similar building blocks linked by covalent bonds. Monomers make polymers
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How are monomers connected?
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Hydrolysis- dehydration synthesis-loss of water molecule
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Three types of carbohydrates?
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Monosaccharide, Disaccharide, Polysaccharide
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An example of monosaccharide?
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Glucose, Fructose, Galactose, Ribose (notice the ending -ose)
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Most names for sugars end in?
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ose
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Disaccharide
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Consists of two monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic linkage (a covalent bond formed by hydrolysis).
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Name two disacchrides.
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maltose, lactose, sucrose
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Two types of Polysacchrides?
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Storage and Structural Polysacchrides
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What are some examples of storage polysacchrides?
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Starch, Glycogen
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What are some examples of structural polysacchrides?
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Cellulose, Chitin
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Lipids are...
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Diverse hydrophobic molecules made up of four parts: a molecule of glycerol and three molecules of fatty acids.
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What's the function of fat?
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energy storage molecules, important as cushions for body organs and as an insulator beneath skin
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What are some key elements in the structure of Phospholipids?
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They are both hydrophobic and hydrophillic, meaning they are both soluble in water and oil. Tail is hydrophobic and the phosphate group is hydrophillic
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What is the molecule that is both hydrophillic and hydrophobic called?
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Amphipathic
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Is steroid a lipid?
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YES
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Name all the different kinds of proteins.
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Structural, Storage, Transport, Hormonal, Receptor, Contractile, Defensive, and Enzymatic proteins.
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What is the most important factor in deciding protein's function?
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SHAPE. SHAPE IS EVERYTHING. Globular or Fibrous
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What are the four levels of protein structure all driven by chemical bonds?
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Primary structure, Secondary Structure, Tertiary Structure, etc.
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