Macewan Sociology Midterm 1

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Agency

Back 1

The assumption that individuals have the ability to alter their socially constructed lives.

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Anti-Positivism

Back 2

A theoretical approach that considers knowledge and understanding to be the result of human subjectivity. 1) social world can't be understood solely through numbers and formulas 2) all sciences will not merge over time. 3) science cannot be separated from value

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globalization

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A worldwide process involving the production, distribution and consumption of technological, political, economic, and sociocultural goods and services

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Patriarchy

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A system where men control the political and economic resources of society.

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Personal Troubles

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personal challenges that require individual solutions

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Political economy

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the interactions of politics, government, and governing, and the social and cultural constitution of markets, institutions, and actors

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Positivism

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A theoretical approach that considers all understanding to be based on science. 1) there exists an object and a knowable reality. 2) over time all sciences will become more alike. 3) there is no room in science for value judgment.

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Quality of Mind

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Mill's term for the ability to view personal circumstance within a social context.

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Social Issues

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Challenges caused by larger social factors that require collective solutions

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sociological imagination

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c.w mills term for the ability to perceive how dynamic social forces influence individuals lives

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Sociological Perspective

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A view of society based on the dynamic relationships between individuals and the larger social network in which we all live

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Sociology

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The systematic study of human groups and their interactions

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Symbolic interactionism

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a perspective asserting that people and societies are defined and created through the interactions of individuals

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Auguste Comte

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Founder of the discipline of sociology and the founder of positivism. systematic observation and order

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Harriet Martineau`

Back 15

When studying sociology one must focus on all attributes of it. imports examining politics, religious and social institutes.

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herbert Spencer

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Functionalist perspective

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Emile Durkheim

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Credited for making sociology a science

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Max Webber

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thesis on the protestant ethics.

ideas on bureaucracy.

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Karl Marx

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socio- political theory of Marx

The communist manifesto

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Charles horton Cooley

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The looking glass self

developed the concepts of primary and secondary relationships

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Peter Bergur

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seeing the strange in the familiar and seeing the general in the particular

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C.W Mills

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critiques of contemporary society and sociological practices.

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Alienation

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Concept that describes the process by which workers lack connection to what they produce and become separated from themselves and other workers.

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Anomie

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A state of normlessness that results from a lack of clear goals and may ultimately result in higher suicide rates

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Base

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The material and economic foundation for society, made up of forces of production and the relations of production

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Collective conscience

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concept highlighting the totality of a societies beliefs and sentiments

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Dialectics

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view of society as a the result of oppositions, contradictions and tensions from which new ideas and social changes can emerge.

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Discourse

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a system of meaning that governs how we think, act, and speak about a particular thing or issue.

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Double Consciousness

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concept of the divided identity experiences by black Americans

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Exploitation

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The difference between what workers and paid and the wealth they create for the owner.

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False Consciousness

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Peoples belief in and support of the system that oppresses them

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Forces of Production

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The physical and intellectual resources a society has to make a living with

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Hegomony

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Domination through ideological control and consent

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I

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The unsocialized part of the self

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Idealism

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the belief that the human mind and consciousness are more important in understanding the human condition than is the material world

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Identity

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Our sense of self, which is socially produced, fluid, and multiple

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ideology

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a set if beliefs and values that support and justify the ruling class of society

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Integration

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The social system needs to maintain solidarity while allowing the aspiration of subgroups

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Latency

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The social system needs to motivate individuals to release their frustration in society in a socially appropriate way

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Me

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The socialized part of self

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Mechanical solidarity

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Describes early based societies based on similarities and independence.

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Normalization

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a social process by which some practices and ways of living are marked as "normal" and others marked as "abnormal"

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Organic Solidarity

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Describes later societies organized around interdependence and the increasing division of labour.

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Pattern Maintenance

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involves socially appropriate ways to display tension and strains

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Relations of production

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relationship between bourgeoise and proletariat

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Self fulfilling prophecy

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a prediction that, once made, cause the outcome to occur

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Social action theory

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parsons framework that attempts to separate behaviours from actions to explain why people do what they do.

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Superstructure

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all of the things that society values and aspires to once its material needs are met. ( religion, politics and laws)

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Sympathetic Introspection

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cooleys concept of the value of putting yourself into another persons shoes and seeing the world as he or she does.

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Tension maintenance

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recognizes the internal tensions and strains that influence all actors within a social system

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Thomas Theorem

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the assertion that things people define as real are real in their consequences

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verstehen

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webers term for a deep understanding and interpretation of subjective social meaning

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Participation Action Research (PAR)

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Research that combines an action orientated goal and the participation of research subjects