Macdaddy 2

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Parable

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A story intended to teach a fundamental truth or moral lesson

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Paradox

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A seemingly contradictory or absurd statement that is nevertheless true or sensible. The statement " I always lie" is a paradox because if it is true it must be false.

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Parallelism

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Ideas in a series should be arranged in words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs that are similar in grammatical structure. ing, ing, ing

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Paraphrase

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To restate a piece of writing in your own words

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Participle

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A verb that is used as an adjective: the eroded hillside, running water.

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Passive Voice

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A clause of sentence in which the subject does no carry out the action of the predicate

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Prepositional Phrase

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A phrase containing a preposition and its object: You have to look BEYOND the obvious. Joey went to school WITH his sister.

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Personification

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A figure of speech in which something not human is given human characteristics, as in The tree lifts its arms to the sky.

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Persuasion

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Writing in which the author attempts to exert a profound influence on the thoughts, feelings, or action of the reader.

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Phrase

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A group of two or more related words that lack a subject, predicate, or both.

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Point of View

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The perspective from which a piece of writing is presented to a reader: the most common are first person, ( I , we) second person (you), and third person (he/she, they)

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Predicate

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The main verb of a clause or sentence and all of its modifiers: Jake walked quickly down the street. Vern works very hard but never seems to have much money

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Preposition

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A word that demonstrates a relationship in time or space: under, over, within, along, throughout, after.

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Primary and Secondary Sources

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A primary source is an original text or work, such as an eye-witnesses' account of an historical event, an autobiography, or a work of literature. A secondary source is someone else's thoughts on a primary source, such as a scholarly article on any of the examples above.

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Prose

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Ordinary spoken or written language; anything not written in poetic form.

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Process

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Writing in which instructions or directions are given.

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Pronoun

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A word that replaces a noun: he, she, it, who, which, that

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Puns

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Figures of speech that make a play on words. BRIAN <3 PUNishment

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Rhetorical

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Relating to the art of writing as a means of communication or persuasion.

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Rhetorical Question

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Asking a question, not in search of an answer, but for the purpose of answering it oneself.

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"Showing, Not Telling"

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Writing that is rich in sensory detail that allows the reader to see, hear, touch, taste, or smell what is being described. Rather than merely saying "He was angry," saying "He trembled and pounded his fist on the table, frightening us all."

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Simile

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An explicit comparison between two objects or actions using LIKE or AS: soft as a feather

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Standard Written English

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The variety of English that is generally acknowledged as the model for the speech and writing of educated speakers.

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Stylistic Devices

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Techniques of writing used by an author to achieve a purpose, such as diction, detail, or point of view.

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Subject/Predicate Agreement

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Using a singular form of a verb with a singular subject or a plural verb form with a plural subject.

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Subjectivity

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Writing based on individual personal impressions, opinions, of feelings.

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Subordinate Clause

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Dependent Clause

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Subordination

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The act of putting an idea of lesser importance in a clause that cannot stand alone: "Because he was late, he missed the bus,"

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Superlative

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The form of an adjective or adverb used to describe the greatest of three of more things: warmest, most beautiful, or best.

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Syllogism

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The stucture of an deductive argument consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion: All humans are mortal (major) I am a human (minor) therefore, i am mortal (conclusion)

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Synecdoche

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A figure of speech in which a part stands for the whole. All hands on deck. The hired gun shot the old rancher in the back.

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Synonyms

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Words with identical meanings: for example, pretty and good-looking.

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Synopsis

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A brief summary of the plot of a story.

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Syntax

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The order of words in a sentence.

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Synthesize

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To combine several separate ideas to produce a new, larger concept.

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Tense

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The form of a verb that expresses the time of its action.

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Theme

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The dominant idea of a work of literature

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Thesis Statment

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A sentence containing the main idea of an essay

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Tone the mood of atmosphere of writing: humorous, sarcastic, angry, etc.

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the mood of atmosphere of writing: humorous, sarcastic, angry, etc.

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Topic

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The subject to be discussed in an essay. Topics must be sufficiently focused to fit within the essay's intended length.

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Topic Sentence

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The sentence containing the governing idea of a paragraph. Often the first sentence of a paragraph.

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Vernacular

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The native language of place; plain, everyday language as opposed to literary or academic language.

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Verbal

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Verbs modified to function as other parts of speech. See gerund, infinitive, participle.