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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Viral Encephalitis Clincal features
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-subacute onset (1-3 weeks)
-altered consciousness (brain parenchyma) -seizures -fever -malaise -HA -myalgias |
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Viral encephalitis epidemiology
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Epidemics: arboviruses (mosquito-borne) in summer
Sporadic: HSV (highly fatal if untreated) |
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Viral encephalitis path
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-destruction of neuron cell bodies by macrophages
-perivascular cuffing by lymphocytes and macs -microglial proliferation: migroglial nodules & rod cells -inclusion bodies in nuclei, cytoplasm -HSV: think temporal lobes (e.g. necrosis) |
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Viral encephalitis CSF
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wbcs: 50-500, lymphocytes
protein: moderate increase opening pressure: increase glc: normal or moderate decrease rbcs in 25-40% of HSV pts Ab testing for arboviruses PCR for HSV, West Nile |
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Viral encephalitis Tx
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Arboviruses: no Tx
HSV: acyclovir (start Tx until HSV can be excluded) |
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Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis etiology
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-rare, late complication (~8 years after) of measles
-defective virus maturation in neural cells -infected children <2 yo at greatest risk |
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SSPE Clincal Features
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1st stage: personality change
2nd stage: myoclonus, seizures, spasticity, ataxia, etc. 3rd stage: optic atrophy, quadriparesis, autonomic instability, akinetic mutism, coma |
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SSPE path
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-massive demyelination and cortical atrophy
-intranuclear inclusion bodies in neurons |
