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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
2 mechanisms of immunologic tolerance
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1. central: clonal deletion of self-reactive lymphocytes in thymus (T) and bone marrow (B)
2. peripheral: remove self reactive T cells that escape central tolerance check |
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Role of AIRE in central immunologic tolerance
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--promotes expression of self proteins by thymic epithelial cells
--allows ID of self-reactive T cells and their clonal elimination |
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4 mechanisms of peripheral immunologic tolerance
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1. clonal deletion through apoptosis
2. Ag sequestered in immune privileged sites 3. clonal anergy- NL tissues don't express T cell co-stim molecules 4. Tregs suppress autoimmunity |
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2 results of susceptibility gene defects leading to autoimmunity
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1. failed apoptosis of self-reactive cells (no Fas-FasL)
2. failure of T cell-mediated suppression |
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4 ways infections can lead to autoimmunity
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1. molecular mimicry
2. activation of polyclonal lymphos 3. release of NLly sequestered Ags 4. exposure of cryptic self & epitope spreading |
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5 triggering factors in SLE
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1. UVB light
2. sex hormones (estrogen) 3. dietary factors 4. infectious agents 5. drug exposure |
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For the serologic markers of SLE, list their general predictive value:
1. ANA 2. anti-dsDNA 3. anti-Sm 4. anti-histone |
1. sensitive, not specific
2. specific, poor prognosis 3. specific, poor prognosis 4. drug-induced SLE |
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In SLE:
1. complement levels 2. effect on coagulation 3. CBC findings |
1. decreased
2. circulating anticoags can increase PTT 3. Abs can cause cytopenias of RBC/WBC/platelets |
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11 common signs/sxs of SLE*
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I-gs (anti-dsDNA, anti-Sm)
M-alar rash D-iscoid rash M-ucositis (oropharyngeal ulcers) N-eurologic dss S-erositis (pleura, pericardium) H-ematologic dss A-rthritis R-enal dss P-hotosensitivity |
I'M DAMN SHARP
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General dss in scleroderma
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multisystem inflammatory, vascular, & fibrotic changes in skin & viscera
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2 major types of scleroderma
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1. Diffuse: widespread skin involvement, early visceral involvement
2. CREST: more benign, limited skin involvement (calcinosis, Raynaud's, Esophageal dysmotility, Sclerodactyly, Telangiectasia) |
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2 Abs assoc'd w/ the classes of scleroderma
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1. diffuse = anti-Scl-70 Ab
2. CREST = anti-centromere Ab |
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