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8 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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1. Primary disturbance of metabolic acidosis
2. Compensatory mechanism |
1. decreased HCO3-
2. hyperventilation |
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1. Primary disturbance of metabolic alkalosis
2. Compensatory mechanism |
1. increased HCO3-
2. hypoventilation |
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1. How do you calculate anion gap?
2. NL range |
1. Na - (Cl + HCO3)
2. 8 - 12 |
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10 causes of increased anion gap metabolic acidosis*
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Methanol
Uremia DM ketoacidosis Paraldehyde/Phenformin Iron tablets/INH Lactic acidosis Ethylene glycol Salicylates |
M
U D P, P I, I L E S |
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4 causes of NL anion gap metabolic acidosis
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Diarrhea
Glue sniffing Renal tubular acidosis hyperchloremia |
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Contrast causes of:
1. type 1 RTA 2. type 2 RTA 3. type 4 RTA |
1. (distal) can't excrete H+, causes hypokalemia
2. (proximal) can't reabsorb HCO3-, hypokalemia 3. decreased response/amount of aldosterone, no NH3 excreted into urine, hyperkalemia |
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3 ways to generate metabolic alkalosis
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1. loss of H+ from ECF
2. add HCO3- to ECF 3. lose fluid w/ Cl > HCO3 (contraction alkalosis) |
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3 mechs for renal loss of Cl-
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1. diuretics
2. Bartter's syndrome: defective Na-K-2Cl (endogenous loop diuretic) 3. Gitelman's syndrome: defective Na-Cl cotransporter (endogenous thiazide) |
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