Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Rubella virus:
- viral family - viral genus |
Togaviridae family
Rubivirus genus |
|
|
List all the members of the rubivirus genus under the togaviridae family.
|
Rubella virus
|
|
|
List all the serotypes of the rubella virus.
|
Only 1 serotype
|
|
|
What is the natural host of the Rubella virus?
|
Humans are the only natural host
|
|
|
T/F - Rubella virus can be spread via mosquitos.
|
False
|
|
|
What type of tissues are targeted with the Rubella virus?
|
Pantropic
|
|
|
Which cells die from the lytic process of the rubella virus?
|
None. This is not cytolytic
|
|
|
How many serotypes are there for the Rubella virus?
|
1
|
|
|
How many diseases does the Rubella cause and name them.
|
Two
Postnatal Rubella Congenital Rubella |
|
|
What is the incubation period for rubella?
|
16-25 days
|
|
|
Describe the anatomical progression of rubella.
|
Incubation
--> URT & Local lymph nodes --> Viremia (--> Fetus if pt pregnant) --> Posterior Cervical lymph nodes Occipital lymph nodes Other tissues infected* (virus is SHED: Feces/Nasopharynx) --> RASH: Maculopapular: Day 16 to 25 *Possible CNS spread |
|
|
Rubella virus induced spread to CNS is how common?
What disease does this cause? When would this disease manifest itself? How fatal if spread to CNS? |
Uncommon: 1 in 6000
Encephalitis Within 7 days of rash 20% fatal |
|
|
Postnatal Rubella symptoms:
- initially - followed by - then - complications x3 |
Lymphadenopathy
(auricular and suboccipital) Prodrome (fever, HA, malaise, sore throat, coryza (usually mild)) Faint, maculopapular rash Encephalitis (rare) Polyarthritis Arthralgia |
|
|
How and when can the virus be transmitted?
What factor facilitates transmission of Postnatal Rubella? |
Aerosolized particles
From before prodrome to 14 days after rash Infection can be asymptomatic, thus facilitates transmission. |
|
|
What is the diagnostic of Postnatal rubella?
|
Rubella-specific IgM presence
|
|
|
What is the diagnostic IMMUNITY for Postnatal rubella?
|
1/8 HI titer
|
|
|
What Postnatal Rubella complication is more commonly associated with women?
|
Arthralgia
|
|
|
Rubella outbreaks:
- intervals? - season? - age group? |
6-8 years
Spring 5 y.o. to college age |
|
|
Postnatal Rubella treatment?
|
Symptomatic
|
|
|
Reinfection of Postnatal rubella does NOT result in what? x4
|
Will have NO:
Risk to Fetus Shedding Viremia Pathogenesis/disease |
|
|
Rubella vaccine:
- name - components - given when? - any contraindications? |
RA27/3 SC
live attenuated vaccine at 15 months (MMR) + Booster (at Kindergarten) Pregnant mothers |
|
|
What population group is usually not immune to Postnatal Rubella?
|
Women (30%-40%)
|
|
|
Rubella Exanthem:
- what type of rash - appearance/color - starts where - spreads to where - duration - cause |
Maculopapular rash
Mixed appearance and color Face Trunks, then limbs 3 days Immune mediated |
|
|
What population group suffers more severely from postnatal rubella?
What additional symptoms might they have? and why? What are two rare complications that can occur in adults? |
Adults
Arthalgia and arthritis Probably due to immune complexes Postinfectious encephalopathy Thrombocytopenia |
|
|
During the disease, IgM is present for how long post infection (after viral clearance)?
|
6 weeks
|
|
|
When looking for rubella immunity or diagnosis, lab tests would also detect what?
This is important for resolve of infection. |
Rubella specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes
|
|
|
Describe the steps involved in the testing procedure to diagnose rubella.
|
1. Coat with ANTI-IgM antibody
2. Add dilution of patient serum 3. Incubate (all pts IgM Abs are trapped) 4. Wash to remove unbound serum 5. Add Rubella HA (binds to any anti-rubella IgM) 6. Add Indicator (sheep RBC) |
