Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Tell if each is normally reabsorbed or secreted:
A. cholride ion B. glucose C. H+ D. phosphate E. K+ F. organic acids (like PAH) G. urea |
A. cholride ion = reabs
B. glucose = reabs C. H+ = secreted D. phosphate= reabs E. K+ = secreted F. organic acids (like PAH) = secreted G. urea= reabs |
|
|
Name things that are secreted from the kidney. (4)
|
Organic acids (PAH, salicylates)
Organic bases (morphine) H+ K+ |
|
|
What is the filtered load equation?
|
Filtered load = GFR * [X] in plasma
but note this is for freely filtered substances. For substances bound to plasma proteins (NOT freely filtered), calculation must be modified by %free (unbound). |
|
|
What is the excretion rate of a substance?
|
Excretion rate = [X] in urine * Q urine
(Numerator of equation for clearance of X.) |
|
|
The cellular mechanism of glucose reabsorption is ____________ in the luminal membrane of...(see choices below)...
A. early proximal tubule B. late proximal tubule C. early distal tubule D. late distal tubule |
Sodium-glucose cotransporter
A. early proximal tubule |
|
|
What is "splay" and why does it occur in the glucose titration curve (2)?
|
"splay" is the phenomen where threshold (point where glucose first appears in urine) is less than Tm (maximum reabsorption of glucose). 2 reasons this occurs: 1. Na+ - glucose cotransporter has LOW AFFINITY for glucose 2. nephron heterogeneity (diff nephrons have diff Tms) p. 536
|
|
|
Detail the three reasons given in lecture that can cause glucosuria.
|
1. Diabetes mellitus: increase in [glucose] in plasma --> increased filered load that exceeds reabs cap.
2. Pregnancy: increase in CO --> increase in GFR --> increase in filtered load 3. Renal glucosuria: lowered Tm due to either lower # of Na+-glucose transporter or lowered affinity of Na+-glucose transporters p. 536 |
|
|
Where are the two areas where urea can be reabsorbed?
A. proximal tubule B. thin descending loop of Henle C. thick ascending loop of Henle D. distal tubule E. collecting ducts |
A. proximal tubule (50% of filtered urea)
E. (intermedullary) collecting ducts- only when ADH is present p. 538 |
|
|
Where is urea secreted?
A. proximal tubule B. thin descending loop of Henle C. thick ascending loop of Henle D. distal tubule E. collecting ducts |
B. thin descending loop of Henle
p. 538 |
|
|
With non-ionic diffusion of weak acids in the kidney, tell whether more excretion or reabsorption occurs when urine is:
A. of low pH B. of high pH |
A. of low pH then more reabsorption occurs since HA predominates
B. of high pH then more excretion occurs since A- predominates |
|
|
With non-ionic diffusion of weak bases in the kidney, tell whether more excretion or reabsorption occurs when urine is:
A. of low pH B. of high pH |
A. with low pH, higher excretion occurs
B. with high pH, more reabsorption occurs |
