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20 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Lymph Node Function
• Clusters of connective tissue
• Function is to Filter lymph
• Located in clusters along the pathway of lymphatic vessels
• E.g: Cervical nodes, Axillary nodes, Mesenteric nodes and Inguinal nodes
Lymphatic Vessels in intestine that absorb fat
Lacteals are the specialized lymphatic capillaries of the small intestine which transfer fats from the digetive system into the blood. Chyle (pronounced Kyle) is milky fluid found in the lacteals formed by fat globules and lymph.
Fever
• As phagocytes work, they release substances (cytokines) that
• Raise body temperature
• Stimulates phagocytes
• Increases metabolism
• Decreases some organisms’ ability to multiply
Kuffer Cells
• Kupffer cells: specialized macrophages located in the liver
Dust Cells
• Dust cells: specialized macrophages located in the lungs
Where is lymph formed?
Plasma (with out cells and large molecules) leaks out from capillaries due to the higher pressure inside than in the tissues. This is collected by the capillary network of lymph vessels in the tissue, forming lymph fluid. Lymph fluid, therefore, is the plasma of blood without large molecules.
Common Characteristic between blood and lymph capillaries
Sheets consisting of one cell layer of flattened simple squamous epithelium
Peyer Patches
organized lymphoid tissue, . They are aggregations of lymphoid tissue that are usually found in the lowest portion of the small intestine ileum in humans; as such, they differentiate the ileum from the duodenum and jejunum. Part of GALT
MALT
MALT (Mucosal associated lymphatic tissue): is the system of small concentrations of lymphoid tissue found in various sites of the body such as the gastrointestinal tract, thyroid, breast, lung, salivary glands, eye, and skin.
GALT
Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT): lymphatic tissue located along the digestive tract. Part of MALT
•Resemble tonsils in structure
•Capture and destroy bacteria in the intestine
Lymph Nodes Clusters
Cervical lymph nodes - Located in the head and neck portion.
Axillary lymph nodes - Present in the underarm area.
Supraclavicular lymph nodes - Situated along the collarbones or clavicle.
Femoral lymph nodes - Located in the upper thigh portion, along the femoral veins.
Mesenteric lymph nodes - Distributed in the lower abdomen.
Mediastinal lymph nodes - Present between the air sacs of the lungs.
Inguinal lymph nodes - Located in the groin area.
Thymus Gland Hormone
Thymosin, which promotes the development of antibodies, especially T lymphocytes, or T cells. The thymus stops working after puberty
Where do phagocytes develop?
Monocytes are produced in bone marrow, travel to tissues and differentiate into macrophages
Whats an attenuated organism?
• Attenuated: modifying microorganism without killing it, making t less virulent.
Substance that makes blood vessels Dilate during inflamation?
Histamine: increases permeability in inflamatory respone to allow WBC to reach antigens
Vaccine
preparation that provides artificially acquired active immunity
Passive Immunity
short - lived immunity resulting from the introduction of "borrowed antibodies" obtained from an immune animal or human donor; immnological memory is not established
Complement
a group of bloodborne proteins, which, when activated, enhance the inflammatory and immune responses and may lead to cell lysis
Interferon
proteins released from virus-infected (and other) cells that protect uninfected cells from viral takeover. also inhibit some cancers.
Plasma Cell
members of a b cell clone; specialized to produce and release antibodies