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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Activity Tolerance
pg 1236 |
The type and amount of exercise or work that a person is able to perform
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Assessment of act tolerance is neccessary when planning what type of activities?
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Walking
ROM ADL. |
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Activity tolerance assessment includes data from what areas?
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Physioloigical
Emotional Developmental |
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Anthropometric
measurements pg 1238 |
Measures height, weight and skinfold thickness
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What is the purpose of anthropometric measurements?
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Use when assessing metabolic functionin to evaluate muscle atrophy.
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Atelectasis
pg 1226 |
Most common respiratory complications
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What is atelectasis?
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The collapse of the alveoli
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Bed rest
pg 1225 |
Restricts clients to bed for therapeutic reasons.
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What part of the nursing process does bed rest fall into?
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Interventions
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Body alignment
pg 1220 |
The individual's center of gravity is stable.
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Correct body alignment does what?
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Reduces strain on musculoskeletal structure
Aids in maintaining adequate muscle tone Promotes comfort Balance and conservation of energy. |
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Body mechanics
pg 1220 |
The coordinated eforts of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems.
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Cartilage
pg 1222 |
Nonvascular, supporting connective tissue
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Where is cartilage found?
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Joints
Thorax trachea Larynx nose ear |
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Cartilaginous joint
pg 1221 |
Cartilage unites bony components.
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Another name for cartilaginous joint
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Synchondrosis joint
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What does this joint allow?
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Stability during bone growth
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What is ossify?
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Develops into bone.
Is after the bone growth is complete. |
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Chest physiotherapy
CPT pg 1247 |
An effective method for preventing pneumonia and keeping the airway clear.
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What methods are used in Chest physiotherapy?
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Percusiion and positioning
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Concentric tension
pg 1222 |
Increased muscle contraction causes the muscle shortening resulting in movment
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Example of Concentric Tissue
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A client uses and overhead trapeze to pull up in bed.
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Eccentric tension
pg 1222 |
Helps control the speed and direction of the movement
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Example of Eccentric tension
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Trapeze example:
Client slowly lowers to the bed. |
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Concentric and Eccentric muscle actions are neccessary for what?
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Active movements
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Concentric and Eccentric are referred to as what?
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Isontonic contractions
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Isontonic contratctions
pg 1222 |
Active movements
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Isometric contractions
pg 1222 |
An increase in muscle tension or muscle work but no shortening or active movements of the muscle group.
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Example of Isometric contraction
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tightening and relaxing a muscle group.
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Isometric contractions are also called
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Static contraction.
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Voluntary movement is a combination of what?
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Isotonic and Isometric contractions.
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Disuse osteoporosis
pf 1227 |
Immobilization results in bone resorption, the bone tissue is less dense or atrophied.
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What causes disuse osteporosis?
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Immobilzation
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What risk is involved with
disuse osteporosis? |
Pathological fractures.
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Atrophied
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Due to a lack of movement.
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Embolus
pg 1238 |
A dislodged venous thrombus
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Exercise
pg 1236 |
Physical Activity for conditioning the body, improving health, and maintaining fitness.
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Fibrous Joint
pg 1221 |
A joint in which a ligaments or membrane unites two bony surfaces.
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A fibrous joint is also called?
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Syndesmosis joint.
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Flat Bones
pg 1220 |
Bones in the skull, and the ribs in the thorax provide structural contour.
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Long Bones
pg 1220 |
Contribute to height and lenght.
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Long Bones height are?
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the femur, fibula, tibia in the legs
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Long Bones length?
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Phalanges of the finger and toes
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Short Bones pg 1220
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Occur in clusters and when combined with ligaments, and cartilage, permit movement of the extremities.
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Short Bones are?
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Carpal bones in the foot and the patella in the knee
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Irregular bones
pg 1220 |
Make up the vertebral column and some bones in the skull,
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Example of irregular bones?
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Mandible.
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Footdrop pg 1228
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The foot is permanently fixed in the plantar flexion.
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What function can not be performed with a footdrop
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Lift the toes of the ground
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Who is at risk for foot drop?
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Suffered a CVA or brain attackes with resulting right or left sided paralysis (hemiplegia)
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Fractures
pg 1221 |
the continuity of the bone tissue is broken
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Friction
pg 1220 |
The force that occurs in a direction to oppose movement.
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Hemiparesis
pg 1275 |
One sided weakness
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Hemiplegia
pg 1275 |
one sided paralysis
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Hypostatic pneumonia
pg 1226 |
Inflammation of the lung from statis or pooling of secretions.
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Instrumental ADLs
pg 1261 |
ADLS that keep a person independent beyond normal ADLs
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Joint Contracture
pg 1228 |
An abnormal and possibly permanent condition characterized by fixation of the joint.
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What causes joint contracture?
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Disuse
atrophy shortening of the muscle fibers |
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Result of joint contracture?
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Joint cannot form full ROM
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Joints
pg 1221 |
The connections between the bones
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Synostotic joint
pf 1221 |
The bones jointed by bones.
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What do synostotic joint do?
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Provide strength and stability.
No movement |
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Synovial joint
pg 1221 |
Freely movable joints.
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Example of synovial joint
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bal and socket joints.
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Leverage
pg 1223 |
An inducing or compelling force and occurs when specific bones act together.
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Example of leverage
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Humerous, ulna, and radius and associated joint at the elbow
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Muscle tone
pg 1223 |
the normal state of balanced muscle tennsion.
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Another name for muscle tone?
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tonus
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Ligaments
pg 1222 |
Flexible bands of tissue that connect muscle to bone
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What do ligaments do?
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Aid joint flexiblity and support
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Tendons?
pg 1222 |
Connect muscle to to bone.
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What do tendons do?
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Connect muscle to bones
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Muscle atrophy
pg 1224 |
Loss of muscle tone and joint stiffness
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Negative Nitrogen balance
pg 1225 |
When a pt is immobilethe body excretes more nitrogen than it ingest in proteins.
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What is nitrogen?
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The end product of amino acid breakdown.
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Neurotransmitters
pg 1223 |
Transfer electric impulses from the nerve across the neuromuscular junction to the muscle.
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Orthostatic hypotension
pg 1227 |
Increase heart rate of more than 15%
drop of 15 > in Sys BP drop 10 > in Dias BP Going from a supine to standing position. |
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Osteoporosis
pg 1227 |
Abnormal loss of bone density.
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Pathological Fractures
pg 1221 |
Fractures caused by a weakend bone tissue
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Renal calculi
pg 1228 |
Calcium stones that lodge in the renal pelvis or pass through the ureters.
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Unossified
pg 1222 |
Cart that is not hardened
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Urinary stasis
pg 1228 |
The renal pelvis fills before the urine enters the ureters .
Can cause UTIs |
