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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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absorption |
process by which nutrients move out of one system and into another
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bile
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fluid released by the liver and gallbladder into the small intestine that aids in the digestion and absorption of fats
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Calorie
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measure of energy released from digesting food; one Calorie equals one kilocalorie of heat
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chyme
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partially digested, semi-liquid mixture that passes from the stomach to the small intestine
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dialysis
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treatment in which a patient's blood is filtered through a machine,the waste is removed, and the cleaned blood is returned to the patient's body
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digestion
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process by which large, complex molecules are broken down into smaller molecules that can be used by cells
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digestive system
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body system that digests food, includes mouth, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, intestines, liver, gallbladder, rectum, and anus
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esophagus
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tube-shaped tissue of the digestive system that connects the mouth to the stomach
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excretory system
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body system that collects and eliminated wastes from the body; includes the kidneys and bladder
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glomerulus
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tangled ball of capillaries that circulate blood in the kidneys
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kidney
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organ of the excretory system that removes waste from the blood and helps to maintain stable water levels in the body
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microvilli
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small hair like projections on the surface of a villus in the small intestine
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mineral
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inorganic material, such as calcium, iron, potassium, sodium, or zinc, that is essential to the nutrition of an organism
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nephron
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individual filtering unit of the kidney that removes waste from the blood
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peristalsis
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wavelike involuntary muscle contractions that push food through the organs of the digestive system
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small intestine
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organ of the digestive system that connects the stomach to the large intestine and in which chemical digestion takes place
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sphincter
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ring of muscle that separates the different organs of the digestive system
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stomach
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muscular sac in the digestive system that breaks down food into a liquid like mixture
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ureter
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tube of connective tissue that carries urine from each of the kidneys to the bladder
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urinary bladder
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saclike organ that collects and stores urine before it is excreted from the body
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villi
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small fingerlike projections in the small intestine that absorbs nutrients
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vitamin
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organic molecule that works with enzymes to regulate cell function, growth, and development
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