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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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antibiotic
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chemical that kills or slows the growth of bacteria
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bacteriophage
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virus that infects bacteria
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bioremediation
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process by which humans use living things to break down pollutants
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capsid
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protein shell that surrounds a virus
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conjugation
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process by which a prokaryote transfers part of its chromosome to another prokaryote
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endospore
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prokaryotic cell with a thick, protective wall surrounding its DNA
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epidemic
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rapid outbreak of a disease that affects many people
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facultative anaerobe
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organisms that can live with or without oxygen
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flagellum
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whiplike structure outside of a cell that is used for movement
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lysogenic infection
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infectious pathway of a virus in which host cells are not immediately destroyed
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lytic infection
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infectious pathway of a virus in which host cells are destroyed
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obligate aerobe
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prokaryote that cannot survive without the presence of oxygen
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obligate anaerobe
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prokaryote that cannot survive in the presence of oxygen
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pathogen
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agent that causes disease
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plasmid
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circular piece of genetic material found in bacteria that can replicate separately from the DNA of the main chromosome
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prion
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infectious agent that consists of a protein fragment that can cause other proteins to fold incorrectly
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prophage
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DNA of a bacteriophage inserted into a host cell's DNA
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retrovirus
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virus that contains RNA and uses the enzyme called reverse transcriptase to make a DNA copy
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toxin
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poison released by an organism
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vaccine
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substance that stimulates an immune response, producing acquired immunity without illness or infection
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viroid
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infectious particle made of single-stranded RNA without a protein coat, that almost always uses plants as their host
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virus
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infectious particle made only of a strand of either DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat
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