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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What measures force over a distance?
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Work
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What is the Equation for work?
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W = fd
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How is work measured?
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In Joules
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What measures the rate at which work is done?
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Power
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What would a faster time mean?
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more power
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How can machines give a mechanical advantage?
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Machines multiply and redirect forces.
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What are 2 ways that machines can redirect forces?
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1. change the direction of the force
2. increase the distance over which the force is applied. |
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Explain how you can exert a large force on an object without doing any work?
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If the object does not move, then no work is done because work is equal to force times distance W=fd so if distance moved is 0 any number times 0 = 0
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Is work being done in this situation?
lifting a spoonful of soup to your mouth? |
yes
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Is work being done in this situation?
holding a stack of books motionless over your head? |
No
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Is work being done in this situation?
letting a pencil fall to the ground? |
yes (by gravity)
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How can a ramp can make lifting a box easier without changing the amount of work being done?
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It can do this by allowing the use of a smaller input force exerted over a longer distance.
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When lifting a box straight up onto the bed of a truck or using a ramp to push the same box up a ramp, is the work done the same?
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Yes, different forces can do the same amount of work.
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What is energy?
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Energy is the ability to do work
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What is the ability to do work?
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energy
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What are the two kinds of Potential Energy?
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gravitational potential energy and
elastic potential energy |
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What happens to potential and kinetic energy when you drop a pen?
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As the pen falls potential energy decreases because height decreases. Kinetic energy increases because velocity increases.
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What is a quantity that measures the rate at which work is done?
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Power
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What is the formula for Kinetic Energy?
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K.E. = 1/2mv
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What is the formula for Potential Energy?
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P.E. = mgh
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What is the sum of Kinetic and Potential Energy?
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Mechanical Energy
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Mechanical energy is the energy of ?
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movement
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What kind of energy is just potential energy waiting to be used?
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Chemical
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A match is an example of what kind of energy?
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chemical
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This kind of energy is how the sun produces its energy?
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Nuclear
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The sun produces its energy through Nuclear ______________?
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fusion
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How does the Earth receive energy from the sun?
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Through Light energy
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This kind of energy is caused by the flow of electrons?
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Electrical Energy
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What causes electrical energy?
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The flow of electrons
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Does all of Potential Energy become Kinetic Energy?
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No
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Since not all potential energy becomes kinetic energy, what is some of the energy lost to?
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friction and sound
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What states that energy cannot be created or destroyed just converted to another form?
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Law of Conservation of Energy
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What kind of system allows energy to flow in and out?
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Open System
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What kind of system allows no energy to flow in and out?
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Closed system
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What is defined as force acting over a distance?
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Work
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The quantity that measures how much a machine multiplies force is called what?
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mechanical advantage
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Scissors are an example of?
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compound machine
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The unit that measures 1 J of work done each second is the __________?
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watt
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Joules can be used to measure _______?
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The work done in lifting something
The potential energy of something being held in the air the kinetic energy of something moving |
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Which of the following situations does not involve potential energy being changed?
a. an apple falling from a tree b. shooting a dart from a spring-loaded gun. c. pulling back on the string of a bow d. a creek flowing downstream |
pulling back on the string of a bow
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_____________is determined by both mass and velocity.
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Kinetic Energy
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Energy that does not involve the large-scale motion or position of objects in a system is called___________?
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nonmechanical energy
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The law of conservation of energy states that_______________.
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energy is neither lost nor created
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K.E or P.E.?
a stone in a stretched slingshot |
P.E.
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K.E or P.E.?
a speeding race car |
K.E.
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K.E or P.E.?
Water above a hydroelectric dam |
P.E.
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K.E or P.E.?
the water molecules in a pot of boiling water |
K.E.
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A 2.0 kg rock sits on the edge of a cliff 12m above the beach
Calculate the Potential Energy. |
P.E. = mgh
P.E. = ? m= 2kg g= 9,8 h = 12 PE= |
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A 2.0 kg rock sits on the edge of a cliff 12m above the beach.
The rock falls off the cliff. How much kinetic energy will it have before it jots the beach (ignore the resistance) |
Kinetic energy at the end = potential energy in the beginning so it is 235J
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A 2.0 kg rock sits on the edge of a cliff 12m above the beach.
Calculate the speed of the rock just before it hits the beach? |
K.E. -= 1/2mv
235= 1/2(2)v 235 = 1v |
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Chapter 9
Integrated Science |
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