Ls 1 Lecture June 4 Chordata Ii

Front 1

what are the two types of fish?

Back 1

cartilaginous and bony

Front 2

what group has the largest number of species and individuals of all vertebrates?

Back 2

bony fishes

Front 3

what are the two major evolutionary breakthroughs of fish?

Back 3

hinged jaws and paired fins

Front 4

what is a setback of fishes?

Back 4

nutritional deficiencies (cannot synthesize certain amino acids)

Front 5

snake color mimicry

Back 5

takes on color of toxic animal

Front 6

the feathers of birds are modified..

Back 6

reptilian scales that provide lift and conserve heat

Front 7

what type of bones make bird skeletons?

Back 7

thin, hollow, & fused bones

Front 8

what are the adaptations that birds have to help with the energy demands of flight

Back 8

efficient respiration
circulatory system (4 chambers, 2 loops)
rapid heartbeat (600 beats/ minute)
endothermy (regulation of body temperature)

Front 9

true or false: mammals are the largest of five vertebrate groups

Back 9

false, smallest

Front 10

defining characteristics of mammals

Back 10

hair
mammary glands
placenta
endothermy
differentiated teeth (unlike reptiles)

Front 11

what are the three types of mammals

Back 11

monotremes
marsupials
eutherian

Front 12

what sets monotremes apart from marsupials and eutherians

Back 12

they lay eggs

Front 13

name two animals that are monotremes

Back 13

platypus

anteater

Front 14

what sets marsupials apart from monotremes and eutherians

Back 14

nurse young in a marsupium (pouch thingy)

Front 15

what sets eutherians apart from monotremes and marsupials

Back 15

longer pregnancy period; no marsupium

Front 16

name two animals that are marsupials

Back 16

koala

kangaroo

Front 17

what are the two types of bats?

Back 17

"flying foxes"
and
small ugly faced bats

Front 18

which type of bat has echolocation

Back 18

small, ugly faced

Front 19

what type of food do the bats eat?

Back 19

flying foxes eat fruit

small, ugly faced bats suck blood (common vampire bat) from cattle, attach to neck or hoove, use anticoagulant in one species like leeches

Front 20

how do the bats that suck blood get onto the cattle?

Back 20

the small, ugly faced bats are great jumpers

Front 21

hinged jaws are modified

Back 21

skeletal rods that supported gill slits in cephalochordates

Front 22

the first two skeletal rods of the cephalochordate become

Back 22

part of the jaw or lost

Front 23

second two skeletal rods of the cephalochordate

Back 23

become the jaw

Front 24

in cephalochordates, the gill slits are used for

Back 24

suspension feeding

Front 25

in fishes the gill slits are used for

Back 25

respiration

Front 26

amphibian means

Back 26

both lives

Front 27

first vertebrates to walk on land

Back 27

amphibians

Front 28

true or false: amphibians have cutaneous respiration

Back 28

true

Front 29

in an amniotic egg, the embryo feeds on the

Back 29

yolk sac

Front 30

reptilian thoracic breathing

Back 30

Expand and contract rib cage to suck air in and force it out, Capacity limited only be volume of lungs

Front 31

dry skin of reptiles

Back 31

Layer of scales or armor cover bodies to prevent water loss, Scales develop as surface cells fill with keratin, Same protein forms human fingernails and bird feathers

Front 32

true or false: reptiles are anamniotes

Back 32

false, reptiles have amniotic eggs

Front 33

how many extraembryonic membrates do amniotic eggs have?

Back 33

4

Front 34

how does the shape of a wing enhance flight?

Back 34

alternating currents above and below the wing

Front 35

convergent evolution: flying animals

Back 35

insects, pterodactyls, birds, bats

Front 36

from reptile to mammal, the jaw goes from

Back 36

lots of bones to one bone

Front 37

from reptile to mammal, the ear bones go from

Back 37

one bone to 3 bones