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102 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cell
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fundamental unit of all living things (animal or plant)
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cell membrane
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surrounds & protects cell and regulates what passes into and out of the cell
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Nucleus
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controls the operation of the cell - control center
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Chromosomes
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rod-like structures within the nucleus that contain regions of DNA called genes
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DNA
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chemicla found w/in each chromosome - directs the activity of the cell
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Karyotyping
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determines whether the chromosomes are normal in number & structure (test)
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Cytoplasm
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cell formation - includes all the material outside the nucleus and enclosed by the cell membrane
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Mitochondria
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produce energy by burning food in the presence of oxygen. (catabolism - break down)
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Endoplasmic reticulum
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a network of canals in which proteins are manufactured for use in the cell (anabolism - build up)
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Metabolism
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the total of the chemical process occuring in a cell (catabolism & anabolism)
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Anabolism
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process of building up complex materials (proteins) from simple materials
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Catabolism
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Process of breaking down complex materials (food) to form simpler substances & release energy
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Genes
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regions of DNA within each chromosome
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Systems
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groups of organs working together to perform complex functions
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adipose tissue
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collection of fat cells
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cartilage
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flexible connective tissue attached to bones and joints
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epithelial cell
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skin cells that cover the external body and line the internal surfaces of organs
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histologist
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specialist in the study of tissues
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larynx
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voice box; located at the upper part of the trachea
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pharynx
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throat. common passageway for food and air
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pituitary gland
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Endocrine gland a the base of the brain
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thyroid gland
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endocrine gland that surrounds the trachea in the neck
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trachea
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windpipe - leads from the throat to the bronchial tubes
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ureter
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one of two tubes each leading from a single kidney to the urinary bladder
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urethra
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tube from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
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uterus
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the womb
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viscera
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internal organs
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abdominal cavity
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contains the liver, stomach, gallbladder and intestines
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cranial cavity
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contains the brain and surrounded by the skull
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diaphragm
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muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities
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dorsal (posterior)
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pertaining to the back
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mediastinum
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centrally located space between the lungs
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pelvic cavity
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contains portions of the intestines, rectum, urinary bladder and reproductive organs
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peritoneum
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membrane surrounding the organs, in the abdomen
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pleura
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a double-layered membrane surrounding each lung
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pleural cavity
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space between the pleural membranes and surrounding each lung
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spinal cavity
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space within the spinal column and containing the spinal chord
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thoracic cavity
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space in the chest containing the heart, lungs, bronchial tubes, trachea, esophagus & other organs
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ventral (dorsal)
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pertaining to the front
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vertebra
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a single backbone
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vertebrae
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backbones
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spinal column
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bone tissue surrounding the spinal cavity
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spinal cord
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nervous tissue within the spinal cavity
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disk (disc)
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a pad of cartilage between vertebrae
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anterior (ventral)
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front side of the body
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posterior (dorsal)
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the back sidd of the body
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deep
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away from the surface
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superficial
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on the surface
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proximal
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near the point of attachment to the trunk or the beginning of a structure
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distal
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far from the point of attachment
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inferior (caudal)
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below another structure
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superior (cephalic)
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above another structure
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medial
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pertaining to the middleor nearer the medial plane of the body
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lateral
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pertaining to the side
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supine
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lying on the back - face up
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prone
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lying on the belly - face down
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abdomin/o
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abdomen
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adip/o
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fat
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ater/o
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front
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bol/o
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to cast (throw)
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cervic/o
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neck (of the body or of the uterus)
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chondr/o
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cartilage (type of connective tissue)
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chrom/o
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color
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coccyg/o
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tailbone
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crani/o
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skull
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cyt/o
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cell
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dist/o
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far, distant
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dors/o
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back portion of the body
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hist/o
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tissue
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ili/o
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ilium (part of the pelvic bone)
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inguin/o
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groin
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kary/o
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nucleus
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lter/o
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side
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lumb/o
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lower back (side and back between the ribs and the pelvis)
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medi/o
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middle
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nucle/o
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nucleus
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pelv/o
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hip, pelvic cavity
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poster/o
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back, behind
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proxim/o
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nearest
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sacr/o
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sacrum
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spin/o
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spine, backbone
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thel/o
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nipple
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thorac/o
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chest
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trache/o
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trachea, windpipe
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umbilic/o
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navel, umbilicus
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ventr/o
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belly sid of the body
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vertebr/o
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vertebrae, backbones
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viscer/o
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internal organs
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ana-
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up
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cata-
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down
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epi-
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above
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hypo-
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below
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inter-
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between
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meta-
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change
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-eal
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pertaining to
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-iac
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pertaining to
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-ior
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pertaining to
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-ism
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process
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-ose
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pertaining to , full of
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-plasm
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formation
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-somes
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bodies
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-type
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picture, classification
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