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195 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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a-, an-
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no, not, without
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ab-
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away from (notice that the "b" faces away from the "a")
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abductor
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draw away from (muscle that draws a limb away from the body)
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abnormal
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away from normal
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ad-
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toward (notice that the "d" faces toward the "a")
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adductor
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draw towards
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adrenal glands
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endocrine glands located above each kidney
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ana-
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up, apart
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anabolism
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building up proteins
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analysis
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breaking up
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anomaly
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irregularity in a structure or organ
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anoxia
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without oxygen
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ante-
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before, forward
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ante cibum
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before meals
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anteflexion
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to bend forward
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antepartum
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before labor
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anti
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against
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antibiotic
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destroys or inhibits the growth of microorganisms (small living things)
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antibody
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protein substances made by white blood cells in response to the presence of foreign antigens
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antigen
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stimulates the production of antibodies
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antisepsis
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against infections
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antitoxin
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against poison
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apnea
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not breathing
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auto-
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self, own
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autoimmune
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body makes antibodies against its own good cells and tissues, causing inflammation and injury
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ben-
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good
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benign
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not cancerous tumor
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bi-
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two
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bifurcation
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forking into two
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bilateral
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two sides
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-blast
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embryonic, immature
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brady-
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slow
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bradycardia
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slow heartbeat
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carp/o
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wrist bones
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cata-
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down
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catabolism
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breakdown
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cib/o
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meals
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cis/o
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to cut
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con-
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with, together
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congenital anomaly
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born with abnormality
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connective
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bind together
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connective tissue
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supports and binds other body tissue and parts
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contra-
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against, opposite
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contraindication
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special symptom that renders the use of a remedy or procedure inadvisable
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contralateral
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opposite side (muscles on one side of the body are controlled by nerves on the opposite side)
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cost/o
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rib
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cutane/o
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skin
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-cyesis
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pregnancy
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dactyl/o
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finders, toes
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de-
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down, lack of
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dehydration
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lack of water
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dia-
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through, complete
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dialysis
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complete separation
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diameter
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to measure through
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diarrhea
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abnormally frequent watery discharge through the bowel
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-drome
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to run
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duct/o
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to lead, carry
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dys-
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bad, painful, difficult, abnormal
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dysplasia
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abnormal development
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dyspnea
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painful breathing
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ec-, ecto-
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out, outside
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echocardiogram
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ultrasound images of the heart
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ectopic pregnancy
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pregnancy out of place (embryo implants outside the uterus)
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en-, endo-
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in, within
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endocardium
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structure within the heart
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endoscope
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instrument for visual examination within the body
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endotracheal
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within the trachea
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epi-
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upon, on, above
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epithelium
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tissue above the nipple
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eu-
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good, normal
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euphoria
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exaggerated feeling of well-being
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euthryoid
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normal thyroid function
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ex-
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out, away from
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exophthalmos
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protrusion of the eyeball
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flex/o
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to bend
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furc/o
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forking, branching
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-fusion
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coming together; to pur
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-gen
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producing, forming
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gloss/o
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tongue
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glyc/o
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sugar
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hemi-
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half
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hemiglossectomy
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removal of half of the tongue
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hyper-
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exessive, above
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hyperglycemia
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excessive sugar
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hyperplasia
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excessive development (increase in cell numbers)
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hypertrophy
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excessive nourishment (increase in size if individual cells)
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hypo-
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deficient, under
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hypodermic
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under the skin
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hypodermic injection
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injection under the skin
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hypoglycemia
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deficient sugar
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immun/o
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protection
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immune reaction
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reaction between an antigen and an antibody
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in-
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not, into, within
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incision
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to cut into
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infra-
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beneath
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infracostal
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beneath the skin
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insomniac
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person suffering from insomnia (not sleeping)
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inter-
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between
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intercostal
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between the ribs
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intra-
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into, within
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intravenous
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into the vein
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ipsi-
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same
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ipsilateral
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same side
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-lapse
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to slide, fall, sag
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-lysis
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breakdown, separation, loosening
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macro-
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large
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macrocephaly
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large head (congenital anomaly)
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mal-
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bad
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malaisa
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bad feeling
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malignant
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bad tumor (cancerous)
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meta-
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beyond, change
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metacarpal bones
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beyond the wrist bones
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metamorphosis
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change shape
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metastasis
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beyond control, change place
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-meter
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to measure
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micro-
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small
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microscope
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small instrument for visual examination
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-mission
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to send
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morph/o
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shape, form
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mort/o
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death
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nat/i
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birth
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nect/o
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to bind, tie, connect
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neo-
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new
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neonatal
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new birth (interval from birth to 28 days)
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neoplasm
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new development
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norm/o
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rule, order
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-or
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one who
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ox/o
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oxygen
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pan-
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all
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pancytopenia
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deficiency of all cells
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para-
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abnormal, beside, near
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paralysis
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abnormal disruption of the connection between nerve and muscle
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parasitism
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example of symbiosis, occurs when one organism benefits and the other does not
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parathryoid glands
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beside the thryoid glands
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parathryoid hormone
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incrases blood calcium and maintains it at a normal level
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-partum
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birth, labor
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per-
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through
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percutaneous
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through the skin
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peri-
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surrounding
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pericardium
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tissue surrounding the heart
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periosteum
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tissue surrounding bone
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-phoria
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to bear, carry; feeling (mental state)
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-physis
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to grow
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-plasia
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development, formation
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-plasm
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development, formation
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-pnea
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breathing
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poly-
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many, much
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plymerase chain reaction (PCR)
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method of producing multiple copies of a single gene
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polymorphonuclear
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nucleus of many shapes
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polyneuritis
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inflammation of many nerves
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post-
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after, behind
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postmortem
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after death
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postpartum
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after labor
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pre-
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before, in front of
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precancerous
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before cancer
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prenatal
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before birth
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pro-
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before, forward
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prodrome
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before illness (symptoms appear before the actual illness and signal its onset)
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prolapse
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slide forward
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pseudo-
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false
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pseudocyesis
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false pregnancy
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-ptosis
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drop, sag, prolapse
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pub/o
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pubis (pubic bone), anterior portion of the pelvic or hipbone
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re-
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back, again
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recombinant DNA
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removing a gene and recombining it with DNA of another organism
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relapse
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slide back (disease or symptoms return after an apparent recovery)
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remission
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symptoms lessen and the patient feels better
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retro-
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behind, backward
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retroflexion
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bend backwards (abnormal position of an organ, bent or tilted backward)
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retroperitoneal
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pertaining to behind the peritoneum
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-rrhea
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flow, discharge
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seps/o
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infection
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somn/o
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sleep
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son/o
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sound
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-stasis
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stop, control; place
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sub-
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under
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subcutaneous
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under the skin
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supra-
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above, upper
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suprapubic
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above the pubis
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symbiosis
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two organisms living together in close association, either for mutual benefit or not
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symmetry
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equality of parts on opposite sides of the body
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symphysis
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joint in which the bony surfaces are firmly united
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syn, sym
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together, with
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syndactyly
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webbed fingers or toes
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syndrome
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group of signs or symptoms
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synthesis
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building up; putting together
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tachy-
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fast
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tachypnea
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breathing fast
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the/o
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to put, place
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thel/o
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nipple
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thyr/o
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shield; the shape of the thyroid gland resembled (-oid_ a shiled to those who named it
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top/o
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place, position, location
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tox/o
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poison
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thrache/o
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windpipe, trachea
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trans-
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across, through
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