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122 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cell Membrane
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Surrounds and protects the cell, and also regulates what passes in and out of the cell
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Nucleus
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Controls the operations of the cell. Directs cell division and determines the structure and function of the cell
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Chromosomes
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The rod-like structures within the cell
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Genes
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Regions on a chromosome
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DNA
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Regulates the activities of the cell according to its sequence on each chromosome
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Karyotype
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A photograph of an individual's chromosomes, arranged by size, shape, and number
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Cytoplasm
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All the material that is outside the nucleus and yet contained within the cell membrane
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Mitochondria
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Structures in the cytoplasm in which foods are burned to release energy. Catabolism takes place in mitochondria
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Catabolism
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Process of breaking down complex materials (foods) to form simpler substances and release energy
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Endoplasmic Reticulum
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Structural (canals) within the cytoplasm. Site in which large proteins are made from smaller protein pieces. Anabolism takes place on the ribosomes of the ER.
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Anabolism
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Process of building up complex materials (proteins) from simple materials.
Anabolism produces proteins such as hormones and enzymes that are important to growth of cells. Anabolism occurs in the ER of a cell |
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Metabolism
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The total of the chemical processes in a cell.
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adipose tissue
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collection of fat cells
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cartilage
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flexible connective tissue attached to bones at joints.
it surrounds the trachea and forms part of the external ear and nose |
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epithelial cells
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skin cells that cover the external body surface and line the internal surfaces of organs
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histologist
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specialist in the study of tissues
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larynx
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"voice box"; located at the upper part of the trachea
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pharynx
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throat
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pituitary gland
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endocrine gland at the base of the brain
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thyroid gland
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endocrine gland that surrounds the trachea in the neck
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trachea
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windpipe
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ureter
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one of two tubes, each leading from a single kidney to the urinary bladder.
spelling clue: Ureter has two e's. and there are two ureters |
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urethra
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tube from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.
spelling clue: urethra has one e, and there is only one urethra |
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uterus
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the womb, the organ that holds the embryo/fetus as it develops
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viscera
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internal organs
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Abdominal Cavity
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space below the chest containing organs such as the liver, stomach, gallbladder, and intestines
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Cranial Cavity
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space in the head containing the brain and surrounded by the skull
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diaphragm
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muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities.
moves up and down and aids in breathing |
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dorsal (posterior)
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pertaining to the back
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mediastinum
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centrally located space between the lungs
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pelvic cavity
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space between the abdomen containing portions of the intestines, rectum, urinary bladder, and reproductive organs
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peritoneum
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double layered membrane surrounding the abdominal organs
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pleura
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double layered membrane surrounding each lung
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pleural cavity
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space between the pleural membranes
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spinal cavity
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space within the spinal column (backbones) and containing the spinal cord
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thoracic cavity
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space in chest containing the heart, lungs, bronchial tubes, trachea, esophagus, and other organs
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ventral (anterior)
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pertaining to the front
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Right Hypochondriac Region
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right upper region below the cartilage of the ribs that extend over the abdomen
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Left Hypochondriac Region
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left upper region below the rib cartilage
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Epigastric Region
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region above the stomach
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Right Lumbar Region
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right middle near the waist
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Left Lumbar Region
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left middle region near the waist
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Umbilical Region
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region of the navel or umbilicus
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Right Inguinal Region
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right lower region near the groin which is the area where the legs join the trunk of the body
also known as right iliac region |
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Left Inguinal Region
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left lower region near the groin
also known as left iliac region |
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Hypogastric Region
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middle lower region below the umbilical region
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Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)
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contains liver, gallbladder, part of the pancreas, parts of the small and large intestines
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Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)
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contains the liver, stomach, spleen, part of the pancreas, parts of the small and large intestines
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Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ)
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contains parts pf the small and large intestines, right ovary, right fallopian tube, appendix, right ureter
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Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)
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contains parts of the small and large intestines, left ovary, left fallopian tube, left ureter
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cervical
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neck region (C1 to C7)
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thoracic
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chest region (T1 to T12)
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lumbar
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loin (waist) region (L1 to L5)
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sacral
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region of the sacrum (S1 to S5)
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coccygeal
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region of the coccyx (tailbone)
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vertebra
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single backbone
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vertebrae
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backbones
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spinal column
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bone tissue surrounding the spinal cavity
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spinal cord
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nervous tissue within the spinal cavity
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disk (disc)
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pad of cartilage between vertebrae
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anterior (ventral)
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front surface of the body
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deep
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away from the surface
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distal
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far from the point of attachment to the trunk or far from the beginning of a structure
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frontal (coronal) plane
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vertical plane dividing the body or structure into anterior and posterior portions
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inferior (caudal)
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below another structure; pertaining to the tail or lower portion of the body
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lateral
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pertaining to the side
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medial
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pertaining to the middle or near the medial plane of the body
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posterior (dorsal)
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back surface of the body
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prone
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lying on the belly (face down, palms down)
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proximal
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near the point of attachment to the trunk or near the beginning of a structure
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saggital (lateral) plane
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lengthwise, vertical plane dividing the body or structure into right and left sides.
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superficial
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on the surface
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superior (cephalic)
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above another structure; pertaining to the head
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supine
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lying on the back (face up, palms up)
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transverse (cross-sectional or axial) plane
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horizontal plane dividing the body into upper and lower portions
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abdomin/o
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abdomen
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adip/o
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fat
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anter/o
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front
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bol/o
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to cast (throw)
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cervic/o
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neck (of the body or uterus)
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chondr/o
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cartilage (type pf connective tissue)
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chrom/o
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color
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coccyg/o
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coccyx (tailbone)
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crani/o
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skull
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cyt/o
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cell
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dist/o
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far, distant
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dors/o
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back portion of the body
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hist/o
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tissue
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ili/o
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ilium (part of the pelvic bone)
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inguin/o
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groin
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kary/o
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nucleus
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later/o
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side
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lumb/o
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lower back (side and back between the ribs and the pelvis)
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medi/o
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middle
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nucle/o
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nucleus
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pelv/i
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pelvis, hip region
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poster/o
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back, behind
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proxim/o
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nearest
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sacr/o
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sacrum
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sarc/o
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flesh
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spin/o
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spine, backbone
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thel/o
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nipple
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thorac/o
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chest
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trache/o
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trachea, windpipe
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umbilic/o
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navel, umbilicus
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ventr/o
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belly side of the body
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vertebr/o
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vertebra(e),
backbone(s) |
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viscer/o
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internal organs
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ana-
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up
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cata-
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down
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epi-
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above
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hypo-
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below
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inter-
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between
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meta-
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change
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-eal
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pertaining to
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-iac
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pertaining to
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-ior
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pertaining to
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-ism
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process, condition
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-ose
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pertaining to, full of
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-plasm
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formation
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-somes
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bodies
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-type
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picture, classification
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