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133 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Accommodation
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normal adjustment of the eye to focus on objects from far to near
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Anterior Chamber
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area behind the cornea & in front of the lens & iris; contains aqueous humor
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Aqueous Humor
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fluid produced by ciliary body & found in the anterior chamber
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Biconvex
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having 2 sides that are rounded, elevated & curved evenly
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Choroid
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middle, vascular layer of the eye, between the retina & the sclera
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Ciliary Body
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structure on each side of the lens that connects the choroid & iris; contains ciliary muscles & secretes aqueous humor
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Cone
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photorecptor cell in the retina that transforms light energy into a nerve impulse; responsible for color & central vision
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Conjunctiva
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delicate membrane lining the eyelids & covering the anterior eyeball
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Cornea
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fibrous transparent layer of clear tissue that extends over the anterior portion of the eyeball
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Fovea Centralis
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tiny pit or depression in the retina that is the region of clearest vision
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Fundus of the Eye
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posterior, inner part of the eye
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Iris
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colored pigmented membrane surrounding the pupil of the eye
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Lens
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transparent, biconvex body behind the pupil of the eye
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Macula
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yellowish region on the retina lateral to & slightly below the optic disc; contains the fovea centralis
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Optic Chiasm
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point at which optic nerve fibers cross in the brain
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Optic Disc
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region at the back of the eye where the optic nerve meets the retina; blind spot of the eye, no rods or cones
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Optic Nerve
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cranial nerve carrying impulses from the retina to the brain
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Pupil
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dark opening of the eye, surrounded by iris, through which light rays pass
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Refraction
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bending of light rays by the cornea, lens, & fluids of the eye to bring the rays into focus
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Retina
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light-sensitive nerve cell layer of the eye containing photoreceptor cells
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Rod
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photoreceptor cell of the retina essential for vision in dim light & peripheral vision
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Sclera
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tough, white outer coat of the eyeball
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Thalamus
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Relay center of the brain
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Vitreous Humor
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soft, jelly-like material behind the lens in the vitreous chamber; helps maintain the shape of the eyeball
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aque/o
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water
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blephar/o
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eyelid
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conjunctiv/o
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conjunctiva
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cor/o
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pupil
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corne/o
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cornea
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cycl/o
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ciliary body or muscle of the eye
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dacry/o
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tears, tear duct
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ir/o
irid/o |
iris
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kerat/o
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cornea
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lacrim/o
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tears
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ocul/o
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eye
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ophthalm/o
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eye
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opt/o
optic/o |
eye, vision
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palpebr/o
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eyelid
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papill/o
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optic disc; nipple-like
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phac/o
phak/o |
lens of the eye
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pupill/o
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pupil
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retin/o
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retina
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scler/o
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sclera
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uve/o
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uvea; vascular layer of the eye
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vitre/o
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glassy
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ambly/o
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dull, dim
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dipl/o
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double
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glauc/o
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gray
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mi/o
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smaller, less
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mydr/o
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widen, enlarge
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nyct/o
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night
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phot/o
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light
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presby/o
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old age
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scot/o
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darkness
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xer/o
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dry
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-opia
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vision
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-opsia
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vision
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-tropia
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to turn
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Astigmatism
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defective curvature of the cornea or lens of the eye
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Hyperopia (hypermetropia)
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farsightedness
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Myopia
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nearsightedness
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Presbyopia
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impairment of vision as a result of old age
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Cataract
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clouding of the lens, causing decreased vision
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Chalazion
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small, hard, cystic mass on the eyelid; formed as a result of chronic inflammation of a sebaceous gland along the margin of the eyelid
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Diabetic Retinopathy
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retinal effects of diabetes mellitus include microaneurysms, hemorrhages, dilation of retinal veins, & neovascularization
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Glaucoma
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increased intraocular pressure results in damage to the retina & optic nerve with loss of vision
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Hordeolum (stye or sty)
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localized, purulent, inflammatory staphylococcal infection of a sebaceous gland in the eyelid
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Macular Degeneration
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progessive damage to the macular of the retina
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Nystagmus
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repetitive rhythmic movements of one or both eyes
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Retinal Detachment
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2 layers of the retina separate from each other
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Strabismus
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abnormal deviation of the eye
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Fluorescein Angiography
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intravenous injection of fluorescein followed by serial photographs of the retina through dilated pupils
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Ophthalmoscopy
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visual examination of the interior of the eye
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Slit Lamp Microscopy
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examination of anterior ocular structures under microscopic magnification
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Visual Acuity Test
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Clarity of vision is assessed
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Visual Field Test
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Measures the area within which objects are seen when the eyes are fixed, looking straight ahead without movement of the head
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Enucleation
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Removal of the entire eyeball
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Keratoplasty
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Surgical repair of the cornea
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Laser Photocoagulation
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intense, precisely focused light beam creates an inflammatory reaction that seals retinal tears and leaky retinal blood vessels
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LASIK
Laser In Situ Keratomileusis |
use of an excimer laser to correct errors of refraction
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Phacoemulsification
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ultrasonic vibrations break up the lens, which then is aspirated through the ultrasonic probe
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Scleral Buckle
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suture of a silcone band to the sclera over a detached portion of the retina
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Vitrectomy
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removal of the vitreous humor
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Auditory Canal
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channel that leads from the pinna to the eardrum
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Auditory Meatus
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auditory canal
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Auditory Nerve Fibers
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carry impulses from the inner ear to the brain
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Auditory Tube
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channel between the middle ear & the nasopharynx
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Auricle
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flap of the ear
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Cerumen
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waxy substance secreted by the external ear; ear wax
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Cochlea
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snail-shaped, spirally wound tube in the inner ear; contains hearing sensitive receptor cells
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Endolymph
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fluid within the labyrinth of the inner ear
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Eustachian Tube
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auditory tube
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Incus
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second ossicle (bone) of the middle ear; means anvil
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Labyrinth
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maze-like series of canals of the inner ear; includes the cochlea, vestibule, & semicircular canals
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Malleus
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first ossicle of the middle ear; means hammer
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Organ of Corti
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sensitive auditory receptor area found in the cochlea of the inner ear
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Ossicle
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small bone of the ear; includes the malleus, incus, & stapes
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Oval Window
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membrane between middle ear and the inner ear
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Perilymph
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fluid contained in the labyrinth of the inner ear
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Pinna
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auricle; flap of the ear
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Semicircular Canals
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passages in the inner ear associated with maintaining equilibrium
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Stapes
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third ossicle of the middle ear; means stirrup
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Tympanic Membrane
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membrane between the outer & middle ear; eardrum
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Vestibule
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central cavity of the labyrinth, connecting the semicircular canals & the cochlea
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acous/o
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hearing
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audi/o
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hearing; the sense of hearing
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audit/o
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hearing
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aur/o
auricul/o |
ear
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cochle/o
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cochlea
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mastoid/o
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mastoid process
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myring/o
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eardrum, tympanic membrane
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ossicul/o
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ossicle
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ot/o
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ear
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salping/o
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eustachian tube, auditory tube
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staped/o
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stapes
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tympan/o
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eardrum, tympanic membrane
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vestibul/o
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vestibule
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-acusis or -cusis
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hearing
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-meter
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instrument to measure
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-otia
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ear condition
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Acoustic Neuroma
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benign tumor arising from the acoustic vestibulocochlear nerve in the brain
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Cholesteatoma
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collection of skin cells & cholesterol in a sac within the middle ear
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Deafness
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loss of the ability to hear
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Meniere Disease
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disorder of the labyrinth of the inner ear; elevated endolymph pressure within the cochlea & semicircular canals
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Otitis Media
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inflammation of the middle ear
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Otosclerosis
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hardening of the bony tissue of the middle ear
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Tinnitus
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sensation of noises in the ears; ringing, buzzing, whistling, booming, etc...
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Vertigo
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sensation of irregular or whirling motion either of oneself or of external objects
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Audiometry
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testing the sense of hearing
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Cochlear Implant
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surgically implanted device allowing sensorineural hearing-impaired persons to understand speech
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Ear Thermometry
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measurement of the temperature of the tympanic membrane by detection of infrared radiation from the eardrum
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Otoscopy
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visual examination of the ear with an otoscope
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Tuning Fork Test
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Test of ear conduction using a vibration source
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