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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
acetabulum
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Rounded depression, or socket, in the pelvis, which joins the femur (thigh bone), forming the hip joint
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Acromion
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Outward extension of the shoulder bone forming the point of the shoulder. It overlies the shoulder joint and articulates with the clavicle.
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articular cartilage
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Thin layer of cartilage occurring at the ends of long bones and covering any part of any bone that comes together with another bone to form a joint.
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Bone
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Dense, hard connective tissue composing the skeleton. Examples are long bones (femur), short bones (carpals), flat bones (scapula), and sesamoid bones (patella).
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Calcium
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One of the mineral constituents of bone. Calcium phosphate is the major calcium salt in bones.
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Cancellous bone
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Spongy, porous, trabecular bone.
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cartilaginous tissue (cartilage)
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Flexible, rubbery connective tissue. It is found in the immature skeleton at the epiphyseal growth plate and on joint surfaces.
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Collagen
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Dense connective tissue strands found in bone.
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Compact bone
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Hard, dense bone tissue.
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Condyle
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Knuckle-like process at the end of a bone near the joint.
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Cranial bones
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Skull bones; ethmoid, frontal, occipital, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal.
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Diaphysis
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Shaft, or midportion, of a long bone.
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disk (disc)
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Flat, round, plate-like structure. An intervertebral disk is a fibrocartilaginous substance between two vertebrae.
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Epiphyseal plate
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Cartilaginous area at the ends of long bones where lengthwise growth takes place in the immature skeleton.
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Epiphysis
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Each end of a long bone; the area beyond the epiphyseal plate.
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Facial bones
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Bones of the face: lacrimal, mandible, maxillae, nasal, vomer, and zygomatic.
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Fissure
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Narrow, slit-like opening in or between bones.
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Fontanelle
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Soft spot (incomplete bone formation) between the skull bones of an infant.
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foramen
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Opening or passage in bones where blood vessels, nerves, or both enter and leave. The foramen magnum is the opening of the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes.
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Fossa
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Shallow cavity in a bone.
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Haversian canals
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Minute spaces filled with blood vessels; found in compact bone.
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Malleolus
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Round process on both sides of the ankle joint. The lateral malleolus is part of the fibula, and the medial malleolus is part of the tibia.
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Manubrium
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Upper portion of the sternum; articulates with the medial aspect of the clavicle.
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Mastoid process
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Round projection on the temporal bone behind the ear.
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Medullary cavity
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Central, hollowed-out area in the shaft of a long bone.
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metaphysis
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The flared portion of a long bone, lying between the diaphysis (shaft) and the epiphyseal plate (meta- means between)
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Olecranon
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Large process on the proximal end of the ulna; the point of the flexed elbow.
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Osseous tissue
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Bone tissue.
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ossification
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Process of bone formation.
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Osteoblast
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Bone cell that helps form bone tissue.
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Osteoclast
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Bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bone tissue.
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periosteum
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Membrane surrounding bones; rich in blood vessels and nerve tissue.
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Phosphorus
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Mineral substance found in bones in combination with calcium.
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Pubic symphysis
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Area of confluence (coming together) of the two pubic bones. They are joined (sym-means together, -physis means to grow) by a fibrocartilaginous disc.
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Red bone marrow
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Found in cancellous bone; site of hematopoiesis.
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Ribs
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These 24 elongated, curved bones form the bony wall of the chest. True ribs are the first 7 pairs; false ribs are pairs 8-10; floating ribs are pairs 11 and 12.
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Sella turcica
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Depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located.
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Sinus
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Hollow cavity within a bone.
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Styloid process
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Pole-like process on the temporal bone.
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Suture
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Joint between bones, such as the skull (cranium).
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temporomandibular joint
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Connection between the temporal base of the skull and mandibular bone of the jaw.
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Trabeculae
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Supporting bondles of bony fibers in cancellous (spongy) bone
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Trochanter
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Large process on lateral proximal aspect of the femur; attachment site for muscles and tendons.
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Tubercle
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Rounded process on bone; attachment site for muscles and tendons.
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Tuberosity
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Rounded process on bone; attachment site for muscles and tendons.
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Vertebra
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An individual backbone composed of the vertebral body, vertebral arch, spinous process, transverse process, lamina, and neural canal.
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Xiphoid process
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Lower, narrow portion of the sternum.
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Yellow bone marrow
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Fatty tissue found in the diaphyses of long bones in older individuals.
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