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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Argument
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A group of statements provided to believe another statement
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NonArgument
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It's purpose is NOT to prove anything.
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Deductive
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It is **impossible** for the conclusion to be false...
(assuming the premises are true) Deductive Types: -Valid -Invalid |
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Sufficient Condition
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If we have X, we know that Y must follow.
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Necessary Condition
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Without X, you don't have Y.
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Conditional Statements
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"If...Then..."
If = Antecedent Then= Consequent NOT an Argument. It could be the Premise or the Conclusion, though. |
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Antecedent
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The statement following "if" is the ANTECEDENT.
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Consequent
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The statement following "then" is the CONSEQUENT.
Sometimes... the word "then" is left out. Sometimes... the order of the antecedent and the consequent are REVERSED. |
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Aristotle? Who did he study under?
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Aristotle studied under Plato.
Aristotle originated: -Logic -Categorical Syllogisms |
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Uniformity Of Nature
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AKA....
The future will look like the past. |
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Inductive
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It is **probable** that the conclusion is false...
(assuming the premises are true) Inductive Types: -Cogent -Uncogent |
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Modus Ponens
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**EXTREMELY** Valid! (even if premises are false)
AKA... It's a Hypothetical Syllogism!! The Form: P --> Q P Therefore Q |
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What if there's no conclusion indicator?
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The conclusion is probably the first sentence!
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Cogent vs. Uncogent?
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Inductive Arguments!!
Cogent: ALL the premises are actually true in our world Uncogent: ANYTHING is not true? It's *uncogent* |
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Statement
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A sentence that can be true or false.
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