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5 Cards in this Set
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- Back
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Local anesthetics include?
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Esters: cocaine, provcaine, tetracaine, benzocaine.//
Amides: lidocaine, bupivacaine |
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Chemistry?
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Lipophilic group: aromatic group
hydrophilic group: 2 or tertiary amine mainly weak basis that are predomin. charged at body's pH. Receptor is intracellular, so non-charged drug must pass through then become charged to activate the receptor. |
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What is critical length?
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blocking happens quicker if nerve is shorter, faster, and the one in the outer part of the bundle:::
So, C > Adelta > Agamma > A beta > A alpha. Sensation lost in order: pain then temp then touch then pressure then motor. |
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Role of epi and clonidine
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these act at alpha 2, decreasing firing and inhibiting release of substance P, so less pain.
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Metabolism of local anesthetics
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ester type except for Cocaine by psuedocholinesterase. Cocain by liver. PABA metabolites of these inhibit sulfonamide action. Can also cause hypersensitivity rxn///
Amide by CYP450 i.e. lidocaine |
