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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Affected by Local anesthesia:
• First to go last to come back |
Touch - warm - cold - pain
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• Henderson Hasselbach:
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pKa = pH + log [+] / [-]
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Rationale for Addition of vasoconstrictions:
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o Primary rationale:
Incr duration of effect –Alpha1 stim–arteriolar constriction–decr redistribution o Secondary rationale: Reduce systemic toxicity – reduced uptake – safer Reduced bleeding at operative site if local infiltration, not NB given |
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Property of LA and clinical correlation:
Lipid Solubility Protien binding Dissociation Constant (pKa) Amide vs Ester |
Lipid Solubility: onset and potency
Protien binding: duration Dissociation Constant (pKa): Time of onset Amide vs Ester: clearance &biotransformation |
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Esters LA
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Benzocaine
Procaine Cocaine Propoxycaine |
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Amides
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Lidocaine
Mepivacaine Bupivacaine Prilocaine Articaine |
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Ratio solution of vasopressor
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1:100,000 = 10 mcg/mL
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1 cartridge
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1.8mL
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Ratio solution of anesthetics
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2.0% = 20 mg/ml
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Needle gauge:
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blue 30
yellow 27 red 25 |
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Length of needle
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long : 32mm
short: 20mm measured from Hub to tip |
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• Larger gauge preferred because:
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o Less deflection
o Greater accuracy o Easier aspiration o Less chance of breakage |
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• Shelf life:
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Plain 3 yr
vasopressor 1.5-2yr |
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cartridge ingredients Vasopressor containing local anesthetic
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LA
sodium chloride distilled water vasopressor citric acid sodium (meta)bisulfite |
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Plain LA
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LA
sodium chloride distilled water |
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Supraperiosteal or
infiltration |
any max tooth (1-2 teeth)- B
soft t & supporting bone NO PALATAL SOFT T OR BONE 0.6 mL 27 short target: apex of tooth |
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Maxillary Nerve block:
for MOLARS |
PSA (0.9ml)
Greater Palatine (0.45mL) |
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Maxillary Nerve Block:
for Premolars |
ASA (0.9mL)
Greater Palatine (0.45mL) |
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Maxillary Nerve Block:
for incisor and canine |
ASA (0.9mL)
nasopalatine (0.45mL) |
