Lmsw Exam

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Acute stress disorder

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an anxiety disorder that occurs w/in one month of encountering a distressing situation and results in recurrent thoughts, dreams, flashbacks

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Adjustment disorder

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maladaptive resp. of no more than six months duration to a specific psychosocial stressor, such as divorce or loss of job; response occurs within 3 months of the onset of the stressor event and impairs life functioning

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Affectivity

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the range, intensity, and appropriateness of a persons emotional response

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Agonist

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substance that acts to "trick" the body into reacting as if the endogenous chemicals were present

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Agnosia

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loss of recognition of familiar objects

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Akinesia

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complete or partial loss of muscle movement

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Alexithymia

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inability to identify and articulate feelings or needs, or experience and express emotion except through physical symptoms; common in PTSD and somatoform disorders

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Alogia

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speech disturbance in which a person talks very little and responds to questions in brief, mostly concrete answers; this negative symptom of schizophrenia is sometimes referred to as impoverishment of speech

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Anhedonia

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an emotional state in which the person lacks the full capacity to experience pleasure in situations that do seem pleasurable to others

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Anosmia

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absence of the sense of smell

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Antisocial PD

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Cluster B PD characterized by a long and involved history of lying, theft, SU, illegal activities, rejection of social norms, lack of remorse for any hurtful actions directed toward others; this disorder exhibits itself in a disregard for the rights of others; onset may be as early as age 10

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Anxiety disorder

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chronic or recurring state of tension, worry, fear and uneasiness that can come from uknown or unrecognized perceptions of danger of conflict

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Associations (loosening of)

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illogical and disturbed thought process; one of the four A's used to id the splitting of external reality found in schizophrenia

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Autism

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impairment in social interactions and communication as well as restricted patterns of behavior, interest or activity. One of the four A's.

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Avoidant personality disorder

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cluster c PD, pervasive pattern of social inhibition, hyper sensitivity to criticism and feelings of personal inadequacy

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Avolition

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negative symptom of schizophrenia, lack of interest in and inability to initiate or sustain goal directed activity

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Bipolar disorder

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major mood disorder with a distinct period during which the predominant mood is elevated, expansive or irratable, accompanied by symptoms such as hyperactivity, pressured speech, racing thoughts, inflated self esteem, etc.

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Bipolar I

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severe or manic symptoms accompanied by one or more periods of major depression

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Bipolar II

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same patterns of symptoms found in bipolar I, but without the same degree of disability, less severe, does not lead to psychotic behavior

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Borderline PD

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cluster B PD, marked impulsivity, poor and unstable interpersonal relationships and disturbances in affect and self image

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Brief Psychotic Disorder

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includes one or more positive symptoms of schizophrenia lasting more than one day but less than one month; often occurs following a severe life stressor

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Cataplexy

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stupor or motor immobility

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Catatonia

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state of mental disorder in which person seems detached from reality and oblivious to enviro. stimuli and whose behavior alternates between immobility and excited agitation; diagnosed as catatonic type schizophrenia

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Cluster A PD

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paranoid, schizoid and schizotypal personality disorders

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Cluster B PD

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highly emotional or erratic; antisocial, histrionic, borderline and narcissistic

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Comorbid

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existence of two or more diseases or syndromes with a single affected person

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Competency-based assessment model

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framework for understanding human behavior that includes not only interpersonal factors but also social, cultural and envior. influences on the individual; goal is to id strengths to be used as a resource for dissolving dysfunction

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Conversion disorder

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type of somatoform disorder in which the affected individual experiences loss or change in physical functioning that suggests the presence of a physical disorder but cannot be explained by any physiologic mechanism

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Cyclothmyia

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minor mood disorder; chronic or cyclic mood disturbances that lasts at least two years and has many of the same features found in MDD;ups and downs fluctuate and occur over a long period of time

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Delirium

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syndrome with temporary but prominent disturbances in alertness, confusion and disorientation

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Delusion

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psychotic symptom involving false or fixed belief based on incorrect deductions or misrep. of reality; beliefs are not normative with the persons culture or religious group

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Dependent PD

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Cluster C PD; pervasive pattern of being unable to act independently of others; individual exhibits submissive, clinging behaviors; unable to assert themselves when needed

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Depressive neurosis (Dysthymic Disorder)

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sadness, pessimism, sleep disorder, poor appetite or overeating, irritability, fatigue, low self-esteem, and indecisiveness; symptoms occur most of each day, on most days, and for at least two years

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Derailment

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characteristic of disorganized speech in which the affected person randomly leaps from topic to topic

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Dissociation

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alteration of consciousness by estrangement from the self of envior; often a mechanism of defense to ward off the emotional impact of traumatic or abusive events and memories

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Dissociative identity disorder

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formerly known as MPD; form of dissociative disorder where the indiv. has two or more distinct personalities; individuals may not be aware of the existence of these other personalities

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Double depression

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coexistence of dysthymic disorder and major depressive disorder

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Dyskinesia

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inability to control voluntary movements

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Dsyphoric mood (dysphoria)

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general dissatisfaction with life and feelings of unhappiness, exhibited as anxiety, hypersensitivity, anger or depression

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Ecological perspective

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framework emphasizing dynamic interactions between individuals and their environments

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Flat affect

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observable absence of facial expression as if the person is unaffected by the contextual environment that surrounds them

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Folie a deux (shared psychotic disorder)

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communicated insanity, infectious insanity or double insanity; main features include gradual development of delusions resulting from the excessively close relationship between two people, one of whom is dominant over the other

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Hebephrenia

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type of psychosis characterized by silly and immature emotionality; also known as disorganized schizophrenia

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Histrionic PD

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Cluster B PD; excessive emotionallity, extreme attention seeking behaviors, self-centerdness; affected individuals demonstrate an inability to maintain strong, reciprocal, and long lasting friendships and are often described as colorful, dramatic, extroverted and over emotional

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Hypomanic episode

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symptoms of at least four days duration that are less extreme and less disruptive than that of a full-blown manic episode

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Korsakoff psychosis

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amnestic disorder caused by damage to the thalamus as a result of chronic heavy alcohol use

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Major depression

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characterized by depressed mood with related functional changes in behavioral, physical, and cognitive areas lasting at least two weeks

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Malingering

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the conscious and intentional maintaing of the sick role for some material or financial gain; symptoms are intentionally produced by the individual to avoid some task, for advantage in legal actions or to obtain disability status

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Mania

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period of abnormally elevated or euphoric mood; associated with Bipolar PD

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Mixed manic episode

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condition where the affected person experiences both elation and depression or anxiety at the same time

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Mood disorders

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also known as affective disorders; group of emotional disturbances where there is some serious and persistent difficulty maintaing an even, productive emotional state

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Narcissistic PD

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cluster B PD type; heightened sense of self importance and inflated self-worth that often mask a fragile sense of self; affected individuals show a marked grandiosity, need for admiration and sense of superiority to others

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Negative symptoms

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AKA second-rank symptoms in schizophrenia; characteristics that are notably absent in the affected person but are usually present in a persons experience (appropriate self care, full range of affect)

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Panic attack

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sudden intense fear for which there is no logical explanation; affected person experiences physiological symptoms accompanied by thoughts of dying or losing control

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Paranoid personality disorder

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Cluster A PD; enduring and pervasive pattern of baseless suspicion and inherent distrust of others; affected individuals are usually seen by others as hostile, irritable and angry

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Personality disorder

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condition where the affected individuals pervasive and enduring per