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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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elevated liver enzymes
enzymes the liver makes to help with metabolic process (catalyze chemical reactions) |
aspartate aminotransferase
lactic dehydrogenase alkaline phosphate alanin aminotransferase gamma glutamyltransferase |
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enlarged liver
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obstruction of inf vena cava (caval obstruction with pedal edema)
portal hypertension and splenomegaly depression of the clotting mechanism, easy bleeding circulating plasma protein is decreased |
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acites
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compression of abdominal lymphatics
portal passive congestion hypoalbuminemia (decreased plasma proteins) sodium retention (reduce blood flow velocity through kidneys) impaired water excretion elevated plasma bilirubin with jaundice pruritis |
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Hepatitis A
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type A virus (HAV)
**oral fecal route mode of entry 28 day incubation 4-6 week course (self limiting) |
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anasarca
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swelling everywhere
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S&S of Hep A
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constitutional
nausea and diahhrea jaundice with pruritis hepatomegaly, elevated enzymes aversion to food and cigarette smoke |
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Hepatitis B
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type B virus
mode of entry (inoculation, oral fecal route, or STD) 120 day incubation variable course carriers may exist (2%) |
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S&S of hep B
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constituional
nausea and diarrhea jaundice with pruitis hepatomegaly, elevated enzymes aversion to food and cigarette smoke |
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hep B
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90% complete recovery
2% carriers 10% chronic progressive hepatitis |
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non A/ non B hepatitis
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type C - similar to HBV
blood transfusion related IV drug STD?? 50% develop chronic hepatitis 20% cirrhosis or hepatic cancer get it from tattoos, body piercing, drugs (needles) RNA virus 1-6% may be carriers |
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S&S of hep C
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same as hep A and B
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cirrhosis
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end result of liver disease
alcohol related (50%) develop fatty liver marked ascites cirrhosis progression (cobblestone appearance, replacement with scar tissue, end stage liver disease, hepatocellular failure) |
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hepatocelluar failure
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uniformly fatal
contributing events (hemmorrhage, failure to detoxify ammonia, metabolic acidosis, hepatic encephalopathy) |
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acute pancreatitis
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inflammation of pancreativ tissue and ducts
overuse of alcohol mild to severe pain 95% resolution in a few days-few weeks prolonged cases result in autodigestion of the pancreas |
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prancreatic neoplasia
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benign cysts and tumors
malignante tumors (5 year survival) occurs most often in AA males risk factos (smoking, diabetes mellitus, aging) |
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cholelithiasis (gall stone)
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6 F's (fat, fair, fertile, flatulent, forty, and female)
disease of older individuals (>65 years) females>males |
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S&S gall stones
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pain upper right qudrant
may radiate to the mid upper back relife pain food pattern |
