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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe Clinical Jaundice
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> 2-3mg/dl
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Describe the differences between elevated Unconjugated Bilirubin and Conjugated Bilirubin
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Urine:
Unconjugated = hemolytic anemia Conjugated = biliary tract obstruction |
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Describe Gilbert Syndrome
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unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia due to bilirubin glycuronosyltransferase (UGT) deficiency
jaundice related to stress |
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Describe Crigler-Najjar Syndrome
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unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
bilirubin glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) abscence Type 1 fatal due to kernicterus |
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Describe Dubin-Johnson Syndrome
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defect in canalicular transport of protein
conjugated hyperbilirubinemia black pigmentation of the liver |
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Describe Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC)
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middle-aged women
pruritus obstructive jaundice AMA (+) elevated conjugated bilirubin elevated alkaline phosphatase |
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Describe Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC)
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scaring of bile ducts
associated with ulcerative colitis |
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Describe Cirrhosis
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fibrosis due to:
alcohol viral hepatitis Hemochromatosis Wilson Disease a-1-antitrypsin deficiency portal hypertension spider angiomata liver failure hepatocellular carcinoma |
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Describe Hepatitis A
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fecal-oral transmission
RNA acute hepatitis Labs Anti-HAV IgM = acute infection Anti-HAV IgG = prior infection/immunization |
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Describe Hepatitis B
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sexual transmission
DNA cirrhosis hepatocellular carcinoma Labs: HBsAg = active HBeAg = assess extent of disease Anti-HBc IgM = past exposure window period = both HBsAg & Anti-HBs are (-) |
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Describe Hepatitis C
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sexual transmission
chronic hepatitis cirrhosis hepatocellular carcinoma Labs: Anti-HCV |
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Describe Hepatitis D
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co-infection with HBC = a little worse than normal
Superinfection with HBC = horrible! |
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Describe Hepatitis E
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fecal-oral transmission
pregnancy |
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Describe Entamoeba histolytica
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Mexico, South America, India
S/S: "flask-shaped" ulcers in colon (bleeding) followed by abscess in liver (RBC in cytoplasm of organism) |
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Describe Alcoholic Liver Disease
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Steatosis = fatty change (reversible)
Hepatitis = iMallory bodies (reversible) Cirrhosis = fibrosis (irreversible) |
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Describe Wilson Disease
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accumulation of copper
effects liver and cornea (Kayser-Fleischer rings) Dx = decreased serum ceruloplasmin Tx = D-Penicillamine |
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Describe Hemochromatosis
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accumulation of iron
C282Y mutation of HFE gene bronze skin Dx = prussian blue stain |
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Describe a-1-antitrypsin deficiency
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a1-AT accumulates in liver
PAS (+) |
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Describe Budd0Chiari Syndrome
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hepatic vein thrombosis most commonly due to polycythemia vera or oral contraceptives
Dx = "nutmeg liver" (do not confuse with right HF, also "nutmeg liver") |
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Describe Hepatic Adenoma
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associated to oral contraceptive use
young women |
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Describe Hepatocellulaar Carcinoma
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caused by cirrhosis, hepatitis B/C, alcohol, aflatoxin B1
a-fetoprotein (AFP) marker |
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Describe Aflatoxin B1
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produced by Aspergillus flavus
contaminates peanuts, corn and cottonseed |
