Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
81 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
3 basic features that shape Russian life and culture
|
1. Steppe (plain)
2. Forest 3. River |
|
|
Epic songs- folk songs preserved and passed from generation to generation
|
Bylina
|
|
|
Volya
|
Freedom
|
|
|
Privolye
|
Spaciousness
|
|
|
Bogatyr
|
Warrior
|
|
|
Izba
|
Peasant hut
|
|
|
Lapti
|
Shoes made of bark
|
|
|
The Red Corner
|
Beautiful corner for Mother of God; the best corner of the house; icons were placed here
|
|
|
Dvoeverie
|
Dual faith/double belief - the simultaneous subscription to two different, and possibly even contradictory, belief systems.
|
|
|
Leshii
|
Master/spirit of the forest
(les=forest) |
|
|
Vodianoi
|
Spirit of water (voda=water)
|
|
|
Polevoi
|
Spirit of the fields (pole=fields)
|
|
|
Rusalka
|
Beautiful, long hair, naked girl, very dangerous, tickle to death
|
|
|
Domovoi
|
Spirit of peasant homestead; must be welcomed into new house
|
|
|
Kikimora
|
Wife of Domovoi- always nasty and behaves improperly
|
|
|
Dvorovoi
|
Spirit of the yard
|
|
|
Bannik
|
Spirit of the bathhouse
|
|
|
Ovinnik
|
Spirit of the threshing barn
|
|
|
The Russian state began in the ___ century on the ___ River.
|
9th century; Dnieper River
|
|
|
Song about the vastness of Russian land- 1895
|
Ryabushkin
|
|
|
Puskin
|
"Captin's Daughter"
|
|
|
The pagan cult of the Slavs was called ___. It stated that fertility is the supreme virtue of the earth; embodiment of kindness and mercy.
|
The cult of Mother Earth the Humid (Mother Moist Earth)
|
|
|
Russian Christians worship __.
|
"Mother of God"
|
|
|
The nouns that denote land, country, and earth are ___.
|
Feminine
|
|
|
Scythinas, Sarmathians, Huns, Avars, Khazars, Pechenegs, Polovtsy, and Mongols were all ___.
|
Invaders
|
|
|
What stopped the invaders?
|
Forests
|
|
|
A church built on the Island of Kizhi in 1714. It was built without the use of nails.
|
Church of Transfiguration
|
|
|
The artist who's best known painting entitled "Morning in the Pine Forest." It showed the Russian's love for bears.
|
Ivan Shishkin (1832-98)
|
|
|
The witch of Russian tales
|
Baba Yaga
|
|
|
How did Baba Yaga travel?
|
She used a mortar and pestal to travel.
|
|
|
What Russian author introduced peasants as complex human beings and introduced a Russian landscape? He projected a lyric mood in his stories. Story titles included: "A Hunter's Sketches (1852)", "Home of the Gentry (1859)", and his best known, "Fathers and Sons (1862)."
|
Ivan Turgenev (1818-1883)
|
|
|
One part of Russian mentality was the belief in ___.
|
Fate
|
|
|
Name given to AntiChrist who appeared during a sun eclipse. Can't say the name.
|
Trishka
|
|
|
A source compiled by monks of the Kievan crypt in the 11-12th century. It was organized on a yearly basis beginning with 852.
|
The Primary Chronicle (The Tale of Bygone Years)
|
|
|
Those who traveled to the Byzantine Empire and brought tribes under their domination.
|
Varangians/Norseman/Vikings
|
|
|
Norsemen or Vikings from Scandinavia
|
Varangians/Normans
|
|
|
The oldest of three brothers who located himself in Novgorod (north) to rule.
|
Rurik
|
|
|
The Rurik Dynasty (c. 862-1598) controlled ___.
|
Kievan Rus and Muscovoy
|
|
|
Normanists believed Russia was established by ___ who gave Russia its culture.
|
Varangians
|
|
|
Anti-Normanists believed ___ origin of the state; they believed that the name did not come from the tribe of Russes.
|
Slavic
|
|
|
The first ruler of Russia; it was the beginning of the Russian state
|
Rurrik (862-879)
|
|
|
The second Russian ruler; founder of Kievan Russia; warrior who conquered the other slavic tribes; praised for Constantinople; wise ruler; praised for shrewdness in dealing with enemies
|
Oleg (879-912)
|
|
|
Third Russian ruler; murdered during an expedition
|
Igor (912-945)
|
|
|
Fourth Russian ruler; wife of Igor; first female ruler; avenged the death of her husband; considered by the Russian Orthodox Church to be a saint; first ruler of Russia to accept and adopt Christianity
|
Olga (945-957)
|
|
|
Fifth Russian ruler? Son of Igor; supposed to be successor, but the next ruler was his mother, Olga
|
Sviatoslav
|
|
|
Sixth Russian ruler
|
Jaropolk (972-980)
|
|
|
7th Russian ruler; accepted Christianity in the 10th century
|
Vladimir (980-115)
|
|
|
Author who wrote "The Song of Prince Oleg" in 1822.
|
Alexander Pushkin
|
|
|
What are the two requirements to be considered a saint?
|
Live a holy life and there must be miracles
|
|
|
A special intermediary between believers and God.
|
Icons
|
|
|
The first Christian emperor of the Roman Empire who moved the capital from Rome to Byzantium-Constantinople.
|
Constantine (330)
|
|
|
___ proclaimed themselves the heirs of the Byzantine Empire and became the successors of Constantinople and Rome.
|
Russian tsars
|
|
|
One of the greatest architectural monuments; Vladimir's adversaries said they "did not know if we were in heaven or on earth"
|
Hagia Sophia Cathedral
|
|
|
St. Sophia cathedral in Kiev was reconstructed many times. What were four important characteristics about the cathedral's interior?
|
1) Emphasis upon beauty (icons, embellishments, decorative art)
2) Worship-"Heaven on Earth" (surrounded by saints and icons) 3) The fundamental approach is liturgical (worship comes first, doctrine and discipline second; the soul and the heart is most important) 4) Deeply emotional quality (uses all the senses) |
|
|
Greek missionaries who laid the foundation of a written Slavonic; known as "apostles of the Slavs"
|
Cyril and Methodious
|
|
|
___ was derived mainly from Greek but also from Hebrew. It was a system invented in the 9th century by Cyril and Methodious who brought alphabet and education into Russia.
|
Cyrillic alphabet
|
|
|
Four characteristics of Old Russian Literature
|
1) Service books, collections of Old Testament narratives, sermons, lives of saints (Paterikon)
2) Chronicles: The Primary Chronicle, regional chronicles 3) Secular literature; The Lay of Igor's Campaign 4) Oral tradition (epic songs, tales, proverbs) |
|
|
Two brothers who accepted their death with nonviolence. They were portrayed as princes/saints in icons.
|
Boris and Gleb
|
|
|
Older brother of Boris and Gleb who struggled to gain the Kievan throne and killed his brothers.
|
Sviatopolk
|
|
|
Act of voluntarily giving up personal rights and ambitions and accepting sufferings as the followers of Christ.
|
Kenoticism
|
|
|
___ was published in 1800 (beginning of 19th century) the original copy (16th century) of the poem (written in 12th century) was lost/destroyed in the fire of Moscow.
|
The Lay of Igor's Campaign
|
|
|
The Lay of Igor's Campaign had 3 questions:
1) Victory or Defeat? 2) God or pagan gods? 3) Role of Nature |
1) Defeat (lost battle, imprisoned), but ending was still happy (free from captivity)
2) Double faiths (believed in God but paganism was still alive) 3) Euphrosinia was lamenting to river/wind; trees saddened; Igor talks to river; comparisons to animals; unity with nature |
|
|
Folk-lore consisted of three things
|
Byliny, Tales, Proverbs
|
|
|
Three heroic knights (The Men of Might- bogatyrs) of folk-lore
|
Dobrynia Nikitych, Ilya of Morom, Alesha Papovich
|
|
|
Author who wrote, "A Warrior at the Crossroads" (1887)
|
Victor Vasnetsov (1848-1926)
|
|
|
Author who wrote, "The Bogatyr" (1898)
|
Mikhail Vrubel (1856-1910)
|
|
|
Church built in 1883; an imposing building constructed in 30 years; destroyed by Bolsheviks in 1931
|
Church of Christ the Savior
|
|
|
Kiev was built under ___, a son of Prince Vladimir.
|
Yuroslav the Wise
|
|
|
Church Architecture:
The long central hall is called the ___. Semicircular terminations of the aisles at the east end of the church are called ___. Floor plan where a cross is inscribed in the square is called ___. Artwork in the central apse is a ___. |
The nave
Apses Cross-in-Square Plan Mosaics |
|
|
Creating images with an assemblage of small pieces of colored glass or other materials; techniques brought to Russia from Byzantium
|
Mosaics
|
|
|
Name of the apse mosaic
|
"Virgin Orans"
|
|
|
Name of the dome mosaic
|
"Christ Pantocrator" (means "Christ Almighty")
|
|
|
Name of the mural paintings
|
Flescoes
|
|
|
Novgorod the Great was situated on both sides of the Volkhov River the city had two quarters called ___.
|
"business quarter" and "Sophia quarter"
|
|
|
Name of the wall that encircled the most sacred place, St. Sophia in Novgorod
|
Kremlin
|
|
|
Church that showed the difference in architecture. Domes changed, walls were rough, shape is rusified; thrust upward/vertical
|
St. George Monastery-Cathedral of St. George (119-30)
|
|
|
3 Characteristics of Russian architecture
|
Simplicity, Verticality, Unity
|
|
|
In the 12-13th century ___ became the political center of the country.
|
Vladimir-Suzdal
|
|
|
___ refers to the holiday/feast of the Russian Orthodox Church of the death of the virgin Mary (didn't die-slept or taken to heaven). Church was a 5-domed cathedral with richly decorated walls; built under Prince Andre Bogolubski
|
Dormition/Assumption Cathedral
|
|
|
Church built on the river, Nerl, in 1165. Had a legend that the virgin Mary appeared to people and spread her veil over the congregation (sign of protection)
|
Church of the Virgin of the Intercession
|
|
|
Church built by Vladimir in 1194-97; the surface was covered with intricate embellishments unique to Russian architecture.
|
Cathedral of St. Demetrius
|
