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77 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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irony
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contradiction between literary elements
ex. someone saying "Nice weather!" when its raining. |
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verbal irony
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hyperbole, understantment, sarcasm
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situational irony
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entire situation is ironic
ex. You break a date with your girlfriend so you can go to the ball game with the guys. When you go to the concession stand, you run into your date who is with another guy. |
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dramatic irony
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reader knows more than the character does
ex. when King Oedipus, who has unknowingly killed his father, says that he will banish his father's killer when he finds him. |
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carpe diem
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latin for "seize the day"
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lyric poem
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poem that tells a story, has a narrator, and has a beginning, middle and end
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narrative poem
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poem whos speaker is an imaginary character, without any additional narration by the author
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dramtic monolouge
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poem written as a speach made by a character usually to another character
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didactic poetry
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poetry that teaches a lesson or sends a message
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tone
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attitude of speaker or poet conveyed by diction, details and style
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diction
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writer/speaker's choice of words
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colloquial diction
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conversational language
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general english
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type of diction
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formal english
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general conventions and standards in formal writing and speeches
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abstract language
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language that isnt concrete, appeals to the mind, and does NOT appeal to the senses (ex. love)
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allusion
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a brief, indirect reference to any person, place or thing - fictious or actual
ex. If you take his parking place, you can expect World War II all over again. |
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vulgate
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speech not affected much by schooling
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connotation
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overtones or suggestions a word gains through usage over time.
ex. "In the East the wilderness has no evil connotation; it is thought of as an expression of the unity and harmony of the universe." |
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image
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an appeal to the senses
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figure of speech
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departure from the donative meaning of words to elicit a fresh, implied understanding, use of simile or metaphor, use of hyperbole, a pun or paradox.
ex. "Hes dumber than dirt" |
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paradox
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statement that is self-contradictory, but upon reflection makes some sense.
ex. "War is peace." "Freedom is slavery." "Ignorance is strength." |
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ballad
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any narrative song (a song that tells a story)
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closed form
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generic term that describes poetry written in some pre-existing traditional/clear pattern of meter, ryhme, line, or stanza (such as a sonnet)
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epic poem
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long narrative tracing the adventures of a popular hero
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blank verse
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poetry written without rhyme and that is written in iambic pentameter
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couplet
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two-lined stanza, usually rhymed
ex. "If turkeys gobble, Do Pilgrims squabble?" |
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sonnet
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fixed form that has attracted the largest number of noteworthy practitioners for the longest time, it consists of 14 lines
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epigram
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brief and witty statement that memorably expresses some truth, terse pointed statement, sometimes has a malicious vibe, and can have an unexpected stinger in the final line.
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poem
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arranged in a specific way and has meaning
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play
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a work of storytelling in which actors represent the characters, a work similar to fiction but addressed to spectators, and work processing a complication, climax and resolution
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subject
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what a poem is about
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theme
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central idea/thought of a poem
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motif
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repeated image that appeals to one of the five senses
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euphony
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words working together harmoniously and smooth and is pleasing to the ear
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cacophony
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harsh, abrupt words to the ear (opposite of euphony)
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alliteration
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repition of the same sounds
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initial alliteration
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beginning letters of word sound same
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internal alliteration
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same vowel sounds in middle
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hidden alliteration
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not apparent
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rime/rhyme
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two or more words contain identical vowel sound
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cesura
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definite pause at end of line or within a line of poetry
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foot
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end of first element in pattern
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iambic meter
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poetic lines beginning with unstressed syllable followe4d by a stressed syllable
ex. when read aloud, it would follow a beat such as "da-dum da-dum" |
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anapestic
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a line that consists of 2 unstressed syllables followed by a stressed syallable
ex. 'twas the NIGHT | be- fore CHRIST- | mas when ALL | through the HOUSE |
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trochaic
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a line that starts with stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable
ex. SHOULD you ASK me, WHENCE these STORies... |
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dactylic
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a line that stars with one stressed syllable followed by 2 unstressed syllables
ex. / _ _ mur mur ing / _ _ hen der son |
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closet drama
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destined to be read more than preformed
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conventions
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customary methods
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soliloquy
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dramatic monologue in which we seem to overhear character's innermost thoughts
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plot
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sequence of meaningful events arranged in a conscious ordering
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protagonist
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character that we usually sympathize with, major events happen to this person
ex. batman |
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exposition
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(in a chronological story) occurs in beginning, no progression in time and is usually commentary
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foreshadowing
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hints as to what is going to happen
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conclusion/denouement
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conflict at hand is resolved, can have a closed or open ending
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stage business
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nonverbal action that gages attention of audience
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symbol
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a concrete theme representing something other than the literal meaning (abstract)
ex. a rose means love |
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tragedy
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play potraying conflict between human beings and some superior force (gods, fate, etc.). It ends sorrowfully and disasterious and is inevitable
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comedy
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whatever makes us laugh
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satiric comedy
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human weakness or folly is ridiculed from enlightened superiority
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high comedy
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relies more on wit and wordplay than on physical action
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low comedy
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relies on physical action
ex. farting, slip on bannana |
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romantic comedy
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usually involves lovers in which they strive to be united
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comedy of manners
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witty satire set in elite/fashonable society
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burlesque
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type of low comedy that parodies another play or kind of play
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hamartia
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error, transgression, mistake, or bad decision; tragic flaw of hero
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hubris
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extreme pride leading to overconfidence and ruin
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reversal
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opposite outcome of what character expected to happen
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free verse
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open form of poetry free of conventional rhyme and meter
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dialogue
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exchanges of speech
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personification
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when a thing, animal, or an abstract is made human in a poem.
ex. "The pen must have grew legs and walked away." |
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apostrophe
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way of addressing someone or something not ordinarily spoken to in a poem.
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rhythm
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recurrence of stresses and pauses
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stress
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the greater amount of force given to one syllable than to another
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reversal and/or peripety
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characters action has opposite efectr than what was intended
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what kind of creature is the sphinx in oedipus the king?
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one having a windged lions body and a womans head
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what does the oracle at delphi serve?
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apollo
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how is jocaste related to creon?
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they are brother and sister
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