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229 Cards in this Set
- Front
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1) 5-act division, 2)use of a chorus, 3) presentation of action thru long reports from messengers, 4) use of sensational themes (lust, blood), 5) a highly rhetorical style full of hyperbole, 6) a lack of careful characterziation
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SENECAN tragedy
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the type of character in a play or a novel who stands aside form the action
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choral character
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dramatic irony in which a character uses words that mean one tihng to hte speaker and another to those better acquainted with teh real situation
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tragic irony
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introduction frequently associated with drama
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prologue
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from Horace meaning "in the middle of things"
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in media res
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term for a concluding statement, often in a play or speech in which the speaker solicits the good will of teh audience
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epilogue
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the material thatn an author, editor, prompter, performer, or other person adds to a text to indicate movement
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stage directions
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term for conventional character types
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stock characters
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part of a tragedy usually as a part of the falling action whose purpose is to provide temporary emotional relaxation for the audience
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relief scene
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Aristotle's term for te spectacle as an element of drama
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opsis
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a display that is large, lavish, unusual, and striking usually employed as much for its won sake as for its role in a work
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spectacle
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interlude in which the actor freezes in position and tem resume action as before until curtain falls
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tableau
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term for the type of dramatic situation in which a single person speaks
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monodrama
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term for skillful phraseology or a play on words
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wit
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term for a rapid-fire dialoogue that brings teh characters' antatgonisms to a climax
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stichomythia
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term for a group of characters in Greek tragedy who comment on the action of a play without participating
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chorus
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term for teh type of a drama in which the characters experience reversals of fortune, usually for the better that are characterized by a darker vision of human nature
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satiric comedy
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Latin term for characters or persons in a play
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dramatis personae
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term for a comeback; a quick, ingenious response or rejoinder
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repartee
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term for teh quality of a play's action taht stimulates teh audience to feel pity for a character
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pathos
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term for te idea that a play should be lmited to a specific time, place, and story line
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unities
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the term for the imaginary wall of the box theater setting, suposedly removed to allow the audience to see the action
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fourth wall
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term for the use of a scene to interrupt a succession of intensly tragic dramatic moments
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comic relief
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term for a type of drama that flourished in the later part of Elizabeht's reign and drew its English historical materials from the sixteenth-century chronicles, such as Holinshed's, and stressed the patriotism of the times
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chronicle play
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term for a piece of drama in which the complications and situations of human life are presented, or a piece of drama in which a general social situation or issue is shown and confronted by the progtagonist
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problem play
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term for a type a drama that views human beings as moving from the nothingness from which they came to the nothingness in which tey will end through and existence marked by anguish
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absurdist theater
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drama that relies on 1)five act division; 2) use of a chorus; 3) presentation of an action; 4) use of sensational themes; 5) highly rhetorical style full of hyperbole, stichomythia, and aphorism; 6) a lack of careful characterization along with much use of soliloquy and introspection
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Senecan tragedy
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term for a play designed to be read rather then acted
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closet drama
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term for improvised comedy; a form of Italian low comedy dating from the very early time, in which actors improvise their dialogue
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commedia dell'arte
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term for a work based on a romantic plot and developed sensationally with an excessive appeal to the emotions of the auidence to keep the audience thrilled
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melodrama
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term for a statement that is ambiguous
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double entendre
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term for the matter taht is a gruesome combination of farce and tragedy--the musical Sweeny Todd would be an example of tis
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macabre
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term for a stage setting of a play
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mise en scene
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a medieval miracle play based on the legend of a saint
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saint's play
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term for a living picture
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tableau vivant
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term for a medieval play based on a biblical history or a scriptural play
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mystery play
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term for a type of drama that flourished in the Restoration and tha is a realisitic, often satirical, comedy that concerns the accepted behaviuours and conventions of a rather artificial, highly sophisticated society
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comedy of manners
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term for a form of comedy characterized by ridiculous exaggeration and distoration: the usblime may be made absurd
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burlesque
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type of a character who takes little part in the action but is close to the protagonist and receives teh intimate thoughts of the protagonist
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confidant
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term for an intensification of the conflict in a story or play
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complication
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term for the device in which the opposite of what is expected to happens actually occurs
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situational irony
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term added by Northrop Frye to the traditional three stock characters of Greek Old COmedy
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agroikos
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term for the use of some unexpected and improbable incident to making things turn out right
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deus ex machina
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figure of speech in which someone or a nonexistent personage is directly addressed as though present
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apostrophe
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term for the type of character who is a braggart or an imposter in Greek comedy
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alazon
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term for "inner essence" or "meaning by implication" beneath the first or surface levels of meaning in a text
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subtext
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term for a composition or speech by a single speaker and by convention representing what someone would speak aloud in a situation with listeners but without another character's response
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monologue
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customary feature of a literary work, such as the use of a chorus in Greek tragedy
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convention
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term for the character or force against which the protagonist struggles
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antagonist
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term for a subsidiary, subordinate, or parallell story line in a play and that coexists with te main plot
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subplot
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Greek term for rising action of a drama
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epitasis
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term for the device in which a characer speaks in ignorance of a situation or an event or especially an identity knwon to hte audience or to the other characters
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dramatic irony
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term for a character who contrasts and parallels the main character in a play
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foil
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term for a speech in a play that is delivered while the speaker is alone
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soliloquy
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term for the type of character who is a swindler, trickster, etc. in a Greek comedy
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eiron
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term for the action at the end of a tragedy that initiates the denouement or falling of a play
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catastrophe
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term for the type of a character in a formal satire who is addressed by te persona and who function to elicit and shape that speaker's remarks
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adversarius
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term for the dramatic convention by which an actor directly addresses the audience but is not meant to be heard by the other actors
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aside
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term for a god who resolves the entanglements of a play by supernatural intervention
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deus ex machina
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term for the spectacle of a play presents in performance
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staging
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term for a play that employs a plot suitable to tragedy but ends happily
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tragicomedy
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term or the central idea of a literary work abstracted from its details of langauge, character, and action, and cast
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theme
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term for teh type of speech in which characters say the opposite of what they mean
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verbal irony
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classical term for the heightening of the action of a drama
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catastasis
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term for the conversation that takes place between characters in drama
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dialogue
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classical term for the introductory act or exposition of a drama
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protasis
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term for the stock character who is the braggart soldier in comedy
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Miles Gloriosus
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term for tragedies modeled on the tragedies of the ancient Greeks and ROmans, such as Sophocles' Antigone
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classical tragedy
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term for the purgin of teh geeligns of pity and fear that, according to Aristotle, occur in the audience of tragic comedy
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catharsis
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the classical term for the recognition or discovery that leads to the reversal of fortunes for hte protagonist of the drama
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anagnorsis
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term for the point at which the action of te plot turns in an unexpected direction for the protagonist
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reversal
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term for teh type of drama in which the characters experience reversals of fortune for the characters especially for the hero
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tragedy
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term for the reversal of fortune for a protagonist--fall as in a tragedy or a success in a comedy
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peripeteia
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term for teh genre of drama taht exposes folly, criticizes human conduct, and aims to correct it by means of ridiculing the weakness of human nature
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satiric comedy
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term for a dramatic piece intended to excite laughter and humor arising from gross incongruities
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farce
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term for the type of drama in which the characters experience reversals of fortune, uusally for the better
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comedy
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term for a privileged character who suffers a fall from glory into suffering such as Sophocles' Oedipus
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tragic hero
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term for a weakness or limitation of character, resulting in the fall of a hero
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tragic flaw
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term for overweening pride or insolence that results in the misfortune of the protagonist of a tragey
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hubris
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term for the genre in which the theme of a plot is the avenging of a father for a son or vice versa
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revenge tragedy
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term for comedy of love is the chief concern and interest
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romantic comedy
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term for teh point at which a character understands his or her situation as it really is
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recognition
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term for the error through which the fortunes of the hero of a tragedy are reversed
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hamartia
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term for a literary composition of any length written or performed by actors who impersonate teh characters speak the dialogue, and enact the actions
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play
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term for the use of te morbid and the absurd for darkly comid purposes
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black comedy
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term for imitation as used in a narrow sense by Northrop Frye to designate works that imitate characters on a human level
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mimesis
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term for an intensified form of the revenge tragedy popular on the Elizabethan stage and works on a theme of revenge through assasination
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tragedy of blood
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poetic meters such as iambic and anapestic that move from an untressed to a stressed syllable
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rising rhythm
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term for poetry w/out regard a regular pattern of meter or rhyme
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free verse
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term for the act of measuring verse, or identifying the prevailing meter and rhythm of verse
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scansion
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the term for a division or unit of a poem that is repeated in the same form
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stanza
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term for a metrical unit composed of stressed and unstressed syllables in varrying arrangements
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foot
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term for lines of poetry written in unrhymed iambic pentameter
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blank verse
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term for a type of form or structure in poetry characterized by regularity and consistency in such elements as rhyme, line length, and metrical pattern
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closed/fixed form
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term for a run-on line of poetry
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enjambment
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term for recurrence of accent or stress in lines of verse
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rhythm
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term for hte principles of versification, particularly as they refer to rhyme, meter, rythm, and stanza
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posody
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term for the poeticmeters sucha s trochaic and dactylic that move from a stressed to an unstressed syllable
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falling rhythm
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term for the repetition of similiar vowel sounds in a sentence or line of poetry as in "I rOse and tOld him of my wOe"
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assonance
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term for the measured pattern of rhythmic accents in poems
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meter
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term for a figure of speech in which a closely related term is substituted for an object or idea
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metonymy
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term for humorous, mocking imitation of a literary work, sometimes sarcastic, but often playful and even respectful in its playful imitation
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parody
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an example of a meter in which dactyllic and anapestic feet
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triple
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term for a figure of speech in whichn a part is substituted for the whole as in "Lend me a hand"
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synecdoche
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term for the omission of an unstressed vowel or syllable to preserve the meter of a line of poetry
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elision
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term for a rhyme that has an extra unstressed syllable at its end
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feminine rhyme
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term for the grammatical order of words in a sentence or line of verse or dialogue
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syntax
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term for the voice in a piece of poetry
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speaker
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term for near rhyme, usually the substitution of assonance or consonance for true rhyme
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slant rhyme
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term for the implied attitude of a writer toward the subject matter and te audience ofa work
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tone
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term for a type of poem in which a speaker addresses a silent listener
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dramatic monologue
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term for the relation between words in which the final consonants in the tressed syllables agree but the vowels preceed them differ as in "add-read"
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consonance
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term for the idea of a literary work abstracted form its details of language, character, and action, and cast in the form of a generalization
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theme
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iambic and trochaic feet are this kind of meter
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duple
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iambic pentameter is called what kind of line
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heroic line
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term for the planned framework of a piece of lit.
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structure
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term for an alteration in the customary pronunciation of a word--that is, a shift in word accent
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wrenched accent
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another name for meter
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measure
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term for the art and practice of writing verse
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versification
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term for te type of poem that is saped in such a way that its printed form suggests its subject matter?
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carmen figuratum
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term for line in poetry
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stich
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term for rude verse/and or any poorly executed attempt at poetry
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doggerel
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term for the repitition of consonant sounds, especially in teh beginning of words
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alliteration
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term for a strong pause within a line of verse
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caesura
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term for the fanciful notion, usually expressed through an elaborate analogy and pointing to a striking parallel between ostensibly dissimiliar things
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conceit
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term for a pair of rhymed lines that may or may not constitute a seperate grouping in a poem
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couplet
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term for an eight-line unit, which may constitute a stanza; or a section of a poem, as in the Italian sonnet
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octave
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term for a form of language use in which writers and speakers convey something other ten the dictionary definition of their words
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figurative language
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term for teh measured pattern of rhythmic accents in poems
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meter
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term for a harsh, unpleasant combination of sounds
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cacophony
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term for teh voice of a piece of poetry
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speaker
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term for a six-line unit of verse constituting of a stanza or section of a poem; as in the Italian sonnet
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sestet
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term for a rhyme that is not exact
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slant rhyme
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the term for a fourteen-line poem in iambic pentameter
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sonnet
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term for the matching of a final vowel or consonant sounds in two or more words
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ryhme
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term for a figure of speech involving exaggeration
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hyperbole
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term for a comparison between essentialyl unlike things without an explicity comparative word such as like or as "My love is like a red rose"
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metaphor
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term for a conventionalized stanza appearing at the close of certain kinds of poems; particulary associated with teh French ballade
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envoy/envoi
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term for a figure of speech in which a part is substituted for the whole "Lend me a hand"
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synecdoche
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term for an object or action in a literary work that means more hten itself, taht stands for somethign other then itself
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symbol
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term for teh endowment of inanimate objects or abstract concepts with animate or living qualities
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personification
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term for a figure of speech in which a closely related term is substituted for an object, idea, or person "We have always remained loyal to the crown"
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metonymy
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term for the omission of an unstressed vowel or syllable to preserve to meter of a line of poetry
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elision
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term for a figure of speech involving a comparison between unlike things using like or as though "My love is like a red, red rose"
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simile
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term for a form of extended metaphor or symbolism in which objects, person, and action in a narrative are equated with meanings that lie outside the narrative itself
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allegory
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term for a form of understatement
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litotes
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another term for personification
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prosopopoeia
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term for a poetic metaphor that implies ingenuity and designates a fanciful notion, usually expressed through an elaborate analogy and pointing to a striking parallel between ostensibly dissimiliar things
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conceit
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term for a self-contradictory combination of words such as "shining darkness" and "happy gloom" and "jumbo shrimp"
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oxymoron
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term for a figure of speech that makes brief refernece to a historical or literary figure, event, or object
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allusion
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term for the principles of versification, particularly as tey refer to rhyme, meter, rhythm, and stanza
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prosody
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term for a statement that although seemingly contradictory or absurd may actually be well-founded or true
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paradox
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term for words that by their sound tey suggest their meaning
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onomatopoeia
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term for a for a pattern in which the second part is balanced against the first but with the parts reversed
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chiasmus
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term for the relation between words in which the final consonants in the stressed syllable agree but the vowels that precede tem differ as in "add-read"
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consonance
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term for pleasing sounds as opposed to cacophony
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euphony
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term for a rhyme pattern between primary and secondary stressed syllables, as in "wildwood" rhymes with "childhood"
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compound rhyme
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term for a figurative phrase used in Old Germanic languages as a synonym for a simple noun such as "whale-raod"
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kenning
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term for a play on words based on the similarity of sound between two words with different meaning
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pun
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term for the emotional aura of a work largely established by the setting, but partly by the tone or mood as well
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atmosphere
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term for a unit of poetry in which case it has the same significance as stanza or line
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verse
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term for an author's attitudes toward the subject of literary work and toward te audience implied in a literary work
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tone
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term for a wailing song at a funeral
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dirge
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term for a central idea or a work
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theme
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term for a pattern of related comparative aspects of language, the pattern of appeals to the senses in a literary work
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imagery
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term for a poem written to celebrate a wedding
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epithalamium
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term for the dictionary meaning of a word
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denotation
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to be sung out of doors at night under a window in praise of a loved one
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serenade
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term for a type of poem that reveals "soul in action"
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dramatic monologue
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praise of a living person
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encomium
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term for the associations called up by a word beyond its dictionary meanings
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connotations
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term for a song of death
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threnody
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term for a literal and concrete representation of a sensory experience of an object that can be known by one ore more of the senses
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image
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term for the selection of words in a literary work--a writer's use of words to convey action, reveal character, imply attitudes, identify themes, and suggest values
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diction
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humurous comic and witty poems
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light verse
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term for a formal composition lauding a person for an achievement, sometimes also called a eulogy
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panegyric
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term for a given group of circumstances in which characters find temselves or the given conditions under which a story or poem opens before the narrative events actually begin
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situation
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term for variants among speakers of teh same language taht tend to be identified with the speaker's region, education, and/or class
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dialect
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term for a peom treating of shepherds and rustic life
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pastoral
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term for a poem written for a certain events
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occasional verse
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term for light sophisitacted poetry
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society verse
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term for the kind of poetry that employs some form or some element of dramatic technizue such as dialogue, mono logue, vigorous, diction, blank verse, or the stressing of tense situation and emotional content
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dramatic lyric
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term for a mask, the term widely used to refer to a "second half" created by an author and through whom the narrative is told or spoken
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persona
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term for a brief subjective poem strongly marked by imagination, melody, and emotion, and creating a single, unified impression
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lyric
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term that is synonymous for dirge or lament
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monody
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term for a sustained and formal poem setting forth meditations on death or another solemn theme
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elegy
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term for a work expressing moods appropriate to evening or nighttime
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nocturne
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term for a list of people, things, or attributes
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catalogue
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term for a narative poem written in four-line stanzas characterized by swift action and anrrated in a direct style
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ballad
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long stately poem in stanzas of varied length
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epic
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poem that laments the dead
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elegy
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term for a nineteen-line lyric poem that relies heavily on repetition--the first and third lines alternate throughout the poem
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villanelle
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term for a love lyric in which the speaker complains about the arival of dawn when he must part from his lover
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aubade
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term for a stanza of three lines which each line ends with the same rhyme
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tercet
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thirty-nine line and written in iambic pentameter
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sestina
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poem that tells a story
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narrative
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14 line poem
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sonnet
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author's emotional attitude woards the subject
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mood
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author's attitude toward the audience
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tone
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rhythmic pattern
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meter
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six line portion of an Italian sonnet
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sesten
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term for a sonnet form that does not tpyically employ the octave-sesten structural arrangment
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English
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term for a pattern in which like sounds occur
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rhyme scheme
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term for differences in speech within a given language
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dialect
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two consecutive lines of verse with an end rhyme
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couplet
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term for te pattern of arrangment of words or the rule-governed arrangments of words in sentences
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syntax
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figures of speech that apepal to the senses
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imagery
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the content of the work
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subject
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term for a given group of circumstances in which characters find temselves
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situatio
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eight line stanza
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octave
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stanza of four lines
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quatrain
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use of wwords in oral or written discourse
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diction
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initiaul incident of the plot structure
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point of attack
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element of literature in which the opposite of what is expected occurs
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irony of circumstance
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term for the intensification of the conflict in a story or play that builds up the primary conflict in a literary work
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complication
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term which writers and speakers mean exactly what their words denote
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literal
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figure of speech in which the actual intent is expressed in words that carry the opposite meaning
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verbal irony
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planned framework
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structure
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term contrasts between what is said and waht is done or between what is expected and what actually happens
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irony
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moment in which the central natuer of something is perceived
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epiphany
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the discrepancy between what a character knows and what hte audience knows
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dramatic irony
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sorting out or unraveling of a plot at the end of a play
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resolution
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term for a character who functions as a mysterious double
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doppelganger
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term for the effect resulting from the unsuccesful effort to acheieve dignity or sublimity of style
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bathos
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developments following the climax of the work that move it towards the denouement or resolution
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falling action
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narrative voice that is so objective that it sems to disappear
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self-effacing
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set of conflicts and crises that constitute the part of a play's plot leading up to the climax
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rising action
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character who demonstrates complexity
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dymnamic
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the resolution of the plot of a literary work
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denouement
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