List Of Presidents

Front 1

Bill of Rights

Back 1

- The first 10 amendments of the US Constitution

- Serves to protect the natural rights of life, liberty and property

- Guaranteed many personal freedoms, limit government power, they reserved some power to state and people

- Originally only applied to the Federal govt. until 14th Amnd. (Equal Protection)

Front 2

George Washington

Back 2

- 1788-1796

- Secretary of State: John Jay
- Secretary of Treasury: Alexander Hamilton

- Unaffiliated (Federalist)

- (1789) Judiciary Act = Specify # of federal courts and judges
- (1791) National Bank & Bill of Rights took effect

- (1793) War starts between Brit and Fran. US neutral.
- (1794) Whiskey Rebellions = Demonstrates power of govt. in internal conflict
- (1795) Jay Treaty
- (1796) Farewell Address

Front 3

John Adams

Back 3

- 1796-1800

- Federalist

- Vice President: Thomas Jefferson (D/R)
-> 12th Amendment = Amended the Electoral Process
- Chief Justice: John Marshall
-> Marbury v Madison = Judicial Review (constitutionality of laws)

- (1797) XYZ Affair = 3 French Off. caused US and France to war.
- (1798) Alien and Sedition Acts = Deports Foreigner & Coup d'etat (Federalist party dies)
- (1801) Midnight Appointments: Increase Federal Courts and Judges to maintain Federalist Influence

Front 4

Thomas Jefferson

Back 4

- 1800-1808

- Democratic-Republican

- Revolution of (1800) = Demonstrates change of power w/o trouble (peaceful)
- (1803)
1. Marbury v Madison: Judicial Review
2. Louisiana Purchase (France)
- (1804)
1. 12th Amendment: Electoral Process changed
2. Lewis & Clark Expedition: Northwest explored
3. Vice President Aaron Burr kills Alexander Hamilton in a duel
- (1807) Congress outlawed importation of slavery from Africa. AND Embargo Act: Forbade trades
- (1809) Non-Intercourse Act: Repeals Embargo Act

Front 5

James Madison

Back 5

- 1808-1816

- Democratic-Republicans

- War of (1812): Declared on England after continued attacks of ships headed to France
- (1814)
1. Washington DC captured and burned
2. Francis Scott Key: American Anthem
3. Treaty of Ghent: End to War of 1812
- (1815) Andrew Jackson defeated the British in New Orleans
- (1816) 2nd Bank of United States Chartered

Front 6

James Monroe

Back 6

- 1816-1824

- Democratic-Republicans

- Secretary of State: John Quincy Adams

- (1819) Florida ceded by Spain to US
- (1820) Missouri Compromise: North of 36* 30' latitude prohibits slavery
- (1823) Monroe Doctrine: Not tolerate European intervention with the Americas (Latin).

Front 7

John Quincy Adams

Back 7

- 1824-1828

- Democratic-Republican

- Vice President: John C. Calhoun

- (1825) Secretary of State: Henry Clay
->Corrupt Bargain: Gave up election candidate to let JQA win, not AJ
- (1828) Tariff of Abominations: Raises Tariff on imports

- First to be elected w/o Popular Votes/Electoral Votes

Front 8

Andrew Jackson

Back 8

- 1828-1836

- Democratic

Vice-President: John C. Calhoun & Martin Van Buren

- (1829) About 2,000 of Jackson's supporters given government jobs. Jackson also set up a "kitchen cabinet" of informal advisers.

- (1830) Indian Removal Act: Relocated all Indians from Georgia to Indian Territory (Oklahoma)
- (1831) Nat Turner's Slave Rebellion. Expects the killing of his owner shall, and will, start an uprising of slave rebellions. However, they were defeated soon after.
- (1832)
-> 2nd Bank: Vetoed: Led to the creation of the Whigs party (hate Jackson)
-> Tariff of (1832): Remedy for the Tariff of 1828. Still unsatisfactory to the South, South Carolina.
-> Nullification Crisis of (1832): Attempted to Nullified the Tariff of 1832. Sent Federal troops to South Carolina to make them comply with the Tariff. Federal Law > State Government. Major factor -> Civil War

- Tariff of (1833): Resolution Tariff used toward the Nullification Crisis. Keep cutting tax rate over the years to satisfy South.

- (1835) Treaty of New Echota: Signs with Cherokee chief to move tribes to Oklahoma. "Trail of Tears" ~4K indians died.

- (1836) Battle of the Alamo: Texas vs. Mexico.

Front 9

Martin Van Buren

Back 9

- 1836-1840

- Democratic

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