Lisa Gi 4: Medstudy/laughing

Front 1

16 yo female w/ fatigue arthralgia, wt loss, jaundiced, hi ALT/AST, + ANA ; nl alk phos
- due to what and what drugs ~ with it?

Back 1

autoimmune hepatitis: nl alk phos, hi direct bili, hypergammaglobulinemia
+ ANA, + AB to smooth muscle, liver, and/or kidneys
-Drugs: minocycline, isoniazid, sulfonamides, nitrofurantoin

Front 2

what is most reliable predictor for survival of baby w/ CDH/congenital diaphragmatic hernia?

Back 2

absence of assoiated liver herniation** boards
-survival rate of CDH w/ liver herniation decrases to 40-45% from 90% (w/o liver herniation)

Front 3

male w/ very loose abd muscle, scolioisis, empty scrotum, needs vent support due to resp distress; what other finding/complx ~ w/ this syndrome and what's cause?

Back 3

Prune belly: no abd wall M., cryptorchidism, mulitple urinary tract abnl
-~ severe urethral obstruction ~ renal dysplasia on renal u/s
~ oligohydramnios ~ pulm hypoplasia ( obstructed renal stuff);

Front 4

what determines life expectancy in prune belly

Back 4

-presence and degree of renal dysplasia

Front 5

what's first treatment step in pat w/ psychogenic constipation and overflow soiling?

Back 5

remove any fecal impaction present, THEN: start softners

Front 6

what's most common type of TEF?

Back 6

C type: tracheal fistula to distal esophagus (w/ a blind esophagus proximallY)

Front 7

wha types of kids does malrotation usually occur in and when ?

Back 7

first year of life, and mainly in genetically normal children

Front 8

what's main difference in histo of Crohn's vs UC?

Back 8

Crohn's: transmural (full thickness) inflamm w/ GRANULOMA formation and skpped lesions; ~ growth failure
~ PERIanal tags, abscesses, cobestoning; ulcers, fistulas

-UC: only Mucosal ( vs transmural in UC) crypt abscess, continuous lesions, pan colitis;
~ More rectal bleeding; + ANCA; loss of haustral markings

Front 9

14 yo w/ bloody stools; freckles on lips; multiple hamartomatous polyps in GI tract, what's dx?
-what gene?
~associated risks?

Back 9

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome;
defect on STK 11 gene;
-incresaed risk of breast, cervix, ovarian, adn pancreatic cancers
-polyps in bronchi and GU tract

Front 10

how do you start feeds in a pt w/ pancreatitis?

Back 10

transpyloric, semi-elemental feedings if prolonged: cheaper adn safer; and want to avoid pancreatic stimulation

Front 11

3 top causes of rectal prolapse?

Back 11

1: constipation
2. diarrhea
3. CF

Front 12

what are 3 common causes of hydrops of gallbladder?

Back 12

kawasaki, strep pharyngitis, prolonged fasting; but
-pancreatitis is NOT

Front 13

What eye finding does alagille have?

Back 13

posterior embryotoxon

Front 14

Pt w/ JRA presents w/ epigastric pain, what's mechanism for GI diz?

Back 14

inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis: NSAID dyspepsia

Front 15

LLQ pain, w/ palpable mass, in school aged kid, soiled pants, No diarrhea, wt loss, F, or other systemic sx:
-dx and tx?

Back 15

Fecal overflow incontinence/encopresis
Tx: 1) empty colon first: enema, then start stool softnersq

Front 16

intermittent watery diarrhea, abd distension, anorexia, afebrile; h/o drinking bad water/camping trip-->persistent diarrhea w/ malabsorption;
-cause and DX?

Back 16

giardia; dx: string test: ELISA (entero test via enzyme linked immunosrbent assay)

Front 17

what's optimal mixture of oral rehydratin solutin?

Back 17

2% glucose, 90 meQ NACl; Oral rehydration solution: they do not reduce ongoing stool losses

Front 18

? what test use to find WBC and what is it indiciative of?

Back 18

use methylene blue to find WBC; ~ bacterial cause

Front 19

what's leading cause of diarrhea in infants worldwide? 2nd leading

Back 19

leading: Rota; 2nd: adeno

Front 20

green maladorous stools; + bloody;
dx and tx?

Back 20

salmonella;
only tx if typhoid fever, Tx: ceftriaxone, cefotaxime;
typhoid fever ~ F, Ha, abd pain, muscle aches, rose spots

Front 21

renal failure, low plt, hemolytic anemia

Back 21

HUS: from enterohemorrhagic diarrhea

Front 22

sz, watery-->bloody diarrhea, hi WBc or RBC in stool, increased bands:

Back 22

shigella; Bactrim

Front 23

what presents similar to shigella and what's tx?

Back 23

campylobacter; erythromycin or azithromycin

Front 24

bloody diarhea, h/o recent anbtx use; what's tx?

Back 24

c. diff: tx : flagyl ( metronidazole)

Front 25

if pt has liver failure which vitamin deficiency at risk for ?

Back 25

Vit ADEK: all fat soluable ones, esp risk for bleeding

Front 26

polyneuropathy, heart failure, edema and opthalmoplegia ~ ? what vit deficiency?

Back 26

thiamine: B1 : beriberi

Front 27

mucositis, andemia, cheilosis, seborrhea in nasolabial folds ! ? riboflavin deficiency

Back 27

B2: riboflavin

Front 28

irritability, purpura, bleeding gums and bone pain ~ ? vitamin def?

Back 28

vit C

Front 29

when do primary teeth erupt? and which ones come first?

Back 29

6 +/- 2 months age w/ upper central incisors first, then lower central and lower lateral incisors (7 + /- 2 mo)

Front 30

how do you transport an avulsed adult tooth in an 7 yo?

Back 30

rinse and transport in cold cow's milk;
-rinse w/ water, hold by crown, need to do w/in 2 hours for highest succes rates
-or re-insert and hold tooth in place (it's ok if it doesn't fit)

Front 31

when would you supplement w/ foruidated toothpaste?
AND
-which d/o associated w/ delayed teeth eruption vs premature loss of dentition?

Back 31

6 months if content of drinking water < 0.3 ppm and at 3 yo if content is 0.3-0.6 ppm.
-Hypothyroidism and hypoparathyroidism ~ delayed teeth eruption;
hyperthyroidism ~ premature loss of dentition

Front 32

how do you give fliuds for dehydration losses/fliuds?

Back 32

1) rehydration phase: fluid deficit over 3-4 hrs with full strength formula; : 50-100 mL/kg over 3-4 hrs
2) maintenance phase: calories and fluids: no gut rest; cont BF;
-add 2 mL/kg / emesis AND 10 mL/kg for each watery diarrhea