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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Trigs of >1000 indicates
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pancreatitis
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Type I Hyperlipidemia (Lipoprotein in excess, main lipid, name, common presentation)
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Chylomicrons, TG >2000, Severe hypertriglyceridemia, Childhood with Trigs >2000
Very rare |
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Type IIa Hyperlipidemia (Lipoprotein in excess, main lipid, name, common presentation)
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LDL, Cholesterol, LDL-C apoB, LDL-P very high!, Familial Hypercholesterolemia, CAD <60 yrs
Common |
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Type IIb Hyperlipidemia (Lipoprotein in excess, main lipid, name, common presentation)
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LDL, VLDL, LDL nl, Trigs 200-500, Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia or with Metabolic Syndrome (Obesity), CAD risk 2x despite borderline lipids
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Type III Hyperlipidemia (Lipoprotein in excess, main lipid, name, common presentation)
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VLDL, IDL, Cholesterol and Trigs both 200-500, dysbetalipoproteinemia, Premature CAD
Rare |
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Type IV Hyperlipidemia (Lipoprotein in excess, main lipid, name, common presentation)
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VLDL (lipoprotein lipase deficiency), common, Trigs 500-1000, Hypertriglyceridemia, Pancreatitis
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Type V Hyperlipidemia (Lipoprotein in excess, main lipid, name, common presentation)
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VLDL, Chylomicrons, uncommon, Trigs >1000, Hypertriglyceridemia, Pancreatitis usually diabetic
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What factors decrease LDL-C?
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Hypothyroidism, Renal Disease, Pregnancy, Anorexia (all raise TG levels too)
Liver or Kidney problems |
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What factors increase TG levels?
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Metabolic Syndrome, insulin resistance, Diabetes, Hypothyroidism, HIV, Pregnancy
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What factors Lower HDL?
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Insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome
anabolic STEROIDS Tran-Fats Smoking |
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What is considered normal for lipid panel?
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Cholesterol <200
Trig <150 HDL >40 M >50 F LDL <130 (not physiological) Non-HDL <160 |
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LPL-P
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the LDL particles, which in some conditions diverge from LDL-C
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Familial Hyperlipidemia Clinical Presentation
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Troponin elevated; EKG show shows inferior ST segment elevation; LDL 235 (lower limit 180); Thicker achilles tendon; Arcus (on eye); Treatment with statin
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Genetic Mutations of Lipid Disorders
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LDL-R (90%; on liver)
apoB mutation (therefore can't bind to LDL-R) PCSK9 gain of function mutation (degredates LDL-R) |
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Metabolic Syndrome on HDL levels
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Lowers them in the 20s
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Hyperchylomicronemia short term treatment
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Apheresis; to immediately lower trigs
Long term treatment is near total fat restriction or use of medium chain fatty acids |
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What are the Metabolic syndrome requirements?
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Waist >40 inches, trigs >150, HDL <40, BP > 135/85, FBG >100
Metabolic syndrome doubles the risk of CAD even in the absense of diabetes |
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Atherogenic dyslipidemia
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TG:HDL greater than 4
LDL-particles (but are still small) >>>LDL-cholesterol |
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The more HDL you have...
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The less LDL cholesterol and LDL particles
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LDL-C calculated?
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LDL-C=Cholesterol-(HDL-C +VLDL-C)
LDL-C=Cholesterol-(HDL-C+ TG/5) |
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Non-HDL-C
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Total cholesterol-HDL-C (sum of all potentially atherogenic cholesterol; Better measure of risk)
=Chylomicron remnants +VLDL-C +IDL-C+LDL-C +Lp(a)-C |