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21 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Trigs of >1000 indicates
pancreatitis
Type I Hyperlipidemia (Lipoprotein in excess, main lipid, name, common presentation)
Chylomicrons, TG >2000, Severe hypertriglyceridemia, Childhood with Trigs >2000
Very rare
Type IIa Hyperlipidemia (Lipoprotein in excess, main lipid, name, common presentation)
LDL, Cholesterol, LDL-C apoB, LDL-P very high!, Familial Hypercholesterolemia, CAD <60 yrs
Common
Type IIb Hyperlipidemia (Lipoprotein in excess, main lipid, name, common presentation)
LDL, VLDL, LDL nl, Trigs 200-500, Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia or with Metabolic Syndrome (Obesity), CAD risk 2x despite borderline lipids
Type III Hyperlipidemia (Lipoprotein in excess, main lipid, name, common presentation)
VLDL, IDL, Cholesterol and Trigs both 200-500, dysbetalipoproteinemia, Premature CAD
Rare
Type IV Hyperlipidemia (Lipoprotein in excess, main lipid, name, common presentation)
VLDL (lipoprotein lipase deficiency), common, Trigs 500-1000, Hypertriglyceridemia, Pancreatitis
Type V Hyperlipidemia (Lipoprotein in excess, main lipid, name, common presentation)
VLDL, Chylomicrons, uncommon, Trigs >1000, Hypertriglyceridemia, Pancreatitis usually diabetic
What factors decrease LDL-C?
Hypothyroidism, Renal Disease, Pregnancy, Anorexia (all raise TG levels too)

Liver or Kidney problems
What factors increase TG levels?
Metabolic Syndrome, insulin resistance, Diabetes, Hypothyroidism, HIV, Pregnancy
What factors Lower HDL?
Insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome
anabolic STEROIDS
Tran-Fats
Smoking
What is considered normal for lipid panel?
Cholesterol <200
Trig <150
HDL >40 M >50 F
LDL <130 (not physiological)
Non-HDL <160
LPL-P
the LDL particles, which in some conditions diverge from LDL-C
Familial Hyperlipidemia Clinical Presentation
Troponin elevated; EKG show shows inferior ST segment elevation; LDL 235 (lower limit 180); Thicker achilles tendon; Arcus (on eye); Treatment with statin
Genetic Mutations of Lipid Disorders
LDL-R (90%; on liver)
apoB mutation (therefore can't bind to LDL-R)
PCSK9 gain of function mutation (degredates LDL-R)
Metabolic Syndrome on HDL levels
Lowers them in the 20s
Hyperchylomicronemia short term treatment
Apheresis; to immediately lower trigs
Long term treatment is near total fat restriction or use of medium chain fatty acids
What are the Metabolic syndrome requirements?
Waist >40 inches, trigs >150, HDL <40, BP > 135/85, FBG >100

Metabolic syndrome doubles the risk of CAD even in the absense of diabetes
Atherogenic dyslipidemia
TG:HDL greater than 4
LDL-particles (but are still small) >>>LDL-cholesterol
The more HDL you have...
The less LDL cholesterol and LDL particles
LDL-C calculated?
LDL-C=Cholesterol-(HDL-C +VLDL-C)
LDL-C=Cholesterol-(HDL-C+ TG/5)
Non-HDL-C
Total cholesterol-HDL-C (sum of all potentially atherogenic cholesterol; Better measure of risk)
=Chylomicron remnants +VLDL-C +IDL-C+LDL-C +Lp(a)-C